Advanced Electric Vehicle Fast-Charging Technologies

Collin, Ryan; Yu, Miao; Yokochi, Alex; Enjeti, P.N.; Jouanne, Annette von

doi:10.3390/en12101839

Cited by 161 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The goal is to maintain a normal working temperature and avoid lithium plating of the electrodes. As such, it is recommended to use ultra-fast chargers only when necessary [109].…”

Section: Charge/discharge Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Current Li-Ion Battery Technologies in Electric Vehicles and Opportunities for Advancements

et al. 2019

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Over the past several decades, the number of electric vehicles (EVs) has continued to increase. Projections estimate that worldwide, more than 125 million EVs will be on the road by 2030. At the heart of these advanced vehicles is the lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery which provides the required energy storage. This paper presents and compares key components of Li-ion batteries and describes associated battery management systems, as well as approaches to improve the overall battery efficiency, capacity, and lifespan. Material and thermal characteristics are identified as critical to battery performance. The positive and negative electrode materials, electrolytes and the physical implementation of Li-ion batteries are discussed. In addition, current research on novel high energy density batteries is presented, as well as opportunities to repurpose and recycle the batteries.

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“…The goal is to maintain a normal working temperature and avoid lithium plating of the electrodes. As such, it is recommended to use ultra-fast chargers only when necessary [109].…”

Section: Charge/discharge Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Current Li-Ion Battery Technologies in Electric Vehicles and Opportunities for Advancements

et al. 2019

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“…An important factor for battery longevity is the design of the BMS. If the charging and discharge is properly controlled, then the battery life is longer [37].…”

Section: V2g Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Vehicles: Current State of the Art, Future Challenges, and Perspectives

et al. 2019

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The goal of the study presented in this article is to provide a general overview of the various aspects related to electric vehicles (EVs), along with all associated emerging challenges and perspectives. In this context, the basic types of EVs and the corresponding charging technologies are analyzed. Since EVs are expected to be a key component of future smart electrical grids (SEG), connection to the grid issues, along with advanced charging techniques (i.e., wireless power transfer), are analyzed as well. To this end, the main features, the requirements of vehicle to grid (V2G) communications, as well as future developments and scenarios of electrification, are also presented and analyzed. Moreover, integration issues with currently deployed fifth generation (5G) mobile wireless networks are also outlined, in order to ensure optimum transmission and reception quality in V2G communications and improved user experience. This integration is also expanded in autonomous vehicles (AVs) technology (self-driving objects), since optimized information processing from various diverse sources is required in order to ensure advanced traffic management aspects.In this context, two major categories can be classified: a. Battery electric vehicles (BEV), and b. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). BEVs use batteries as a source of energy and they are also called "green vehicles, or clean vehicles, or eco-friendly vehicles" because they have zero emissions. In order to cover a travel distance, they are equipped with larger storage batteries than HEVs. However, the limited traveling distance of BEVs is an important drawback because it is often necessary to recharge the battery by connecting to an external power source (in city cars, autonomy starts from 100 to 120 km and reaches 500 km or more in high power cars-Tesla Model). A HEV is classified as a car that uses two or more different technologies to achieve its movement. These technologies usually include the classic internal combustion engine and a more "mild" environmentally-friendly technology, usually an electric motor. However, the electric motor is used as a supplementary power source in cases where the HEV requires more power.It is apparent from the above that proper energy management is of vital importance for the smooth operation of EVs. A challenging research field includes the design and implementation of efficient charging schemes that ensure fast and reliable EV charging in order to increase vehicle autonomy. In this concept, the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) approach aims to optimize the way we transport, use, and produce electricity by turning electric cars into "virtual power plants" [9]. V2G technology refers to a bi-directional flow system operation, in which plug-in battery electric vehicles communicate with a recipient and allow the reciprocal flow between the EV and an electric grid [10,11]. Under this relatively new concept, electric cars would store and dispatch electrical energy stored in networked vehicle batteries which together act as one collective battery fleet ...

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“…However, this charging level presents issues: EV batteries heat up while being charged, large conductors and AC/DC converters are required, and electric utilities limit their use because the critical power required creates grid issues. Hence, these technical limitations have been the focus of study of some works [46]. Some of the alternatives consist of providing energy storage by distributed generation in a fast-charging station to mitigate peak loads on the grid.…”

Section: Power Level Types Charger Location Expected Power Level Charmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric Vehicles for Public Transportation in Power Systems: A Review of Methodologies

et al. 2019

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The market for electric vehicles (EVs) has grown with each year, and EVs are considered to be a proper solution for the mitigation of urban pollution. So far, not much attention has been devoted to the use of EVs for public transportation, such as taxis and buses. However, a massive introduction of electric taxis (ETs) and electric buses (EBs) could generate issues in the grid. The challenges are different from those of private EVs, as their required load is much higher and the related time constraints must be considered with much more attention. These issues have begun to be studied within the last few years. This paper presents a review of the different approaches that have been proposed by various authors, to mitigate the impact of EBs and ETs on the future smart grid. Furthermore, some projects with regard to the integration of ETs and EBs around the world are presented. Some guidelines for future works are also proposed.

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Advanced Electric Vehicle Fast-Charging Technologies

Cited by 161 publications

References 68 publications

Current Li-Ion Battery Technologies in Electric Vehicles and Opportunities for Advancements

Current Li-Ion Battery Technologies in Electric Vehicles and Opportunities for Advancements

Electrical Vehicles: Current State of the Art, Future Challenges, and Perspectives

Electric Vehicles for Public Transportation in Power Systems: A Review of Methodologies

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