Advanced Energy Management Control for Energy Storage System

Abstract

An energy management controller based on multiple charge/discharge profiles is proposed and analysed for an energy storage system. Each profile is designed to use the available energy more aggressively in different power regions, including the low or the high power regions, or both regions to minimise the rate-of-change of power source output. The performance of the energy storage system with the profiles is examined by simulation when connected to an aircraft 540V DC bus with a fault-tolerant starter/generator and high power, pulsed loads.

Adaptive Rate-Limit Control for Energy Storage Systems

“…1 results in a different change in energy using profiles L, C, and H. Since the load is in the lowpower region, profile L results in more energy being consumed ΔE L than the other profiles. For a load step in the high-power region, profile H would use more energy in response to the step than either profile C or L. Simple piecewise linear profiles with no rate-limit function have previously demonstrated this concept [16].…”

“…for charging (16) Equation (15) is the form of profile L in Fig. 1, either reflected from the equation itself or from the illustration in Fig.…”

“…The state-of-charge (SoC) at a particular load power is the lowest among the three profiles, indicating that more energy will be transferred in response to transients at low load levels, while the minimum possible energy is reserved to meet potential load increases up to full power at a dP S /dt rate of k c−max . In contrast, profile H [represented by (16)] works in the opposite way and provides the highest SoC at any load level, just reserving enough storage capacity to respond to a load decrease to P L−min at a dP S /dt rate of k c−max . The two parabolas of these two equations enclose an area in which the two inequalities (15) and (16) are always satisfied and include the linear profile C in Fig.…”

“…where f ss (P L ) is either (15), (16), or (17), although other profiles may be used. The power difference between the load power P L and the power source output P S is given by:…”

Control of Energy Storage Systems for Aeronautic Applications

“…Ancillary problems, like recharging the supercap based on the state-of-charge, have not been directly addressed but can be treated in the same way as the peaking management. Indeed, managing the state-of-charge can be done simply by defying a suitable reference current for the converter [15] that is a special case of the control problem addressed in this paper. Detailed simulations are presented with switching components in MATLAB/Power System Blockset, considering different operating scenarios.…”