Advanced Strategies for Tissue Engineering in Regenerative Medicine: A Biofabrication and Biopolymer Perspective

Abstract

Tissue engineering is known to encompass multiple aspects of science, medicine and engineering. The development of systems which are able to promote the growth of new cells and tissue components are vital in the treatment of severe tissue injury and damage. This can be done through a variety of different biofabrication strategies including the use of hydrogels, 3D bioprinted scaffolds and nanotechnology. The incorporation of stem cells into these systems and the advantage of this is also discussed. Biopolymers, those which have a natural original, have been particularly advantageous in tissue engineering systems as they are often found within the extracellular matrix of the human body. The utilization of biopolymers has become increasing popular as they are biocompatible, biodegradable and do not illicit an immune response when placed into the body. Tissue engineering systems for use with the eye are also discussed. This is of particular interest as the eye is known as an immune privileged site resulting in an extremely limited ability for natural cell regeneration.

Genipin-Crosslinked, Proteosaccharide Scaffolds for Potential Neural Tissue Engineering Applications

“…The creation of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds is crucial in the field of tissue engineering. These scaffolds not only function as templates upon which new tissue can be produced but also need to be porous to ensure adequate transport of oxygen and nutrients [1]. Mechanical properties such as compressive strength and stiffness also dictate the success of a scaffold at its site of action, specifically in the regeneration of soft tissue such as cartilage.…”

Natural Polymers for the Maintenance of Oral Health: Review of Recent Advances and Perspectives

“…Another biocompatible polymer with adhesive properties and low immunogenicity, widely used in dental applications, is based on gelatin [ 51 ]. It is hydrolyzed collagen investigated for application in tissue engineering [ 52 ]. Drug forms prepared with the use of gelatin have high hemostatic activity and significantly improve the process of healing/regenerating damaged tissues, including post-extraction wounds [ 51 , 53 , 54 ].…”

New Polymeric Composites Based on Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications

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