Advances in chronic traumatic encephalopathy

McCambridge, Megan; Stinson, Matthew J

doi:10.1097/01.jaa.0000654008.48462.01

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Physical head trauma is another ALS risk factor [ 91 ]. However, head trauma can also lead to neurodegeneration in the absence of ALS, such as in the case of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) [ 92 ]. It is also worth noting that it is not certain if the physical trauma itself is a cause of the disease in the case of ALS, or if head trauma could be an early symptom of muscle weakness in as yet undiagnosed ALS patients [ 93 ].…”

Section: Als Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Links between ALS and NF-κB

Källstig

McCabe

Schneider

2021

IJMS

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease wherein motor neuron degeneration leads to muscle weakness, progressive paralysis, and death within 3-5 years of diagnosis. Currently, the cause of ALS is unknown but, as with several neurodegenerative diseases, the potential role of neuroinflammation has become an increasingly popular hypothesis in ALS research. Indeed, upregulation of neuroinflammatory factors have been observed in both ALS patients and animal models. One such factor is the inflammatory inducer NF-kB. Besides its connection to inflammation, NF-kB activity can be linked to several genes associated to familial forms of ALS, and many of the environmental risk factors of the disease stimulate NF-kB activation. Collectively, this has led many to hypothesize that NF-kB proteins may play a role in ALS pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the genetic and environmental connections between NF-kB and ALS, as well as how this pathway may affect different CNS cell types, and finally how this may lead to motor neuron degeneration.

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Section: Als Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Links between ALS and NF-κB

Källstig

McCabe

Schneider

2021

IJMS

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“…Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease exhibiting a distinct pattern of neuropathological changes associated with repetitive head trauma leading to increased risk of long-term memory and cognition issues [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. This association between repetitive concussive and asymptomatic sub-concussive trauma and early dementia has been recognized for over 90 years now, mostly in context of routine participation in contact sports and military combat, with some reports indicating this observed pathology in people exposed to physical abuse, head-banging, and poorly controlled epilepsy [1,6,8,9,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques are found in 52% of individuals with CTE, however when they occur, they are typically less dense and more diffuse than in Alzheimer's disease [5,13]. While tau protein deposition occurs primarily in the superficial cortical layers with perivascular predilection in CTE, the Alzheimer's disease is characterized by predominant neurofibrillary tangles in deep cortical laminae [7,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, repeated mild brain trauma leads to trauma-induced tau hyperphosphorylation followed by activation of a various potential second-risk determinants like involvement of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) e4 allele and loss of TDP-43 nuclear function. These changes can be associated with inhibition of neuronal growth following brain injury [5,6,9,11,12,15,16]. Moreover, the progression of this neurodegenerative pathology is also influenced by the age at which an individual begins playing contact sports, and even exposure to performance-enhancing drugs [5,11,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These changes can be associated with inhibition of neuronal growth following brain injury [5,6,9,11,12,15,16]. Moreover, the progression of this neurodegenerative pathology is also influenced by the age at which an individual begins playing contact sports, and even exposure to performance-enhancing drugs [5,11,16]. Another hypothesis suggests that while initial tau deposition happens in a trauma-dependent mechanism, the continued spread of depositions possibly occurs via trauma-independent mechanisms possibly associated with increased level of inflammation, neuronal tau secretion, damaged tau clearance in extracellular cerebrospinal fluid and leakage of the BBB [1,5,8,11,14,16,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: Update on Current Clinical Diagnosis and Management

et al. 2021

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Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is a disease afflicting individuals exposed to repetitive neurotrauma. Unfortunately, diagnosis is made by postmortem pathologic analysis, and treatment options are primarily symptomatic. In this clinical update, we review clinical and pathologic diagnostic criteria and recommended symptomatic treatments. We also review animal models and recent discoveries from pre-clinical studies. Furthermore, we highlight the recent advances in diagnosis using diffusor tensor imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and the fluid biomarkers t-tau, sTREM2, CCL11, NFL, and GFAP. We also provide an update on emerging pharmaceutical treatments, including immunotherapies and those that target tau acetylation, tau phosphorylation, and inflammation. Lastly, we highlight the current literature gaps and guide future directions to further improve clinical diagnosis and management of patients suffering from this condition.

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Rhodium‐Based Nanozymes: Recent Advances and Challenges

Dai

Sun

et al. 2023

The Chemical Record

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Rhodium (Rh) is a non‐toxic transition metal used as various nanomaterials with unique structures and properties. Rh‐based nanozymes can mimic the activities of natural enzymes, overcome the limitation of the application scope of natural enzymes, and interact with various biological microenvironments to play a variety of functions. Rh‐based nanozymes can be synthesized in various ways, and different modification and regulation methods can also enable users to control catalytic performance by adjusting enzyme active sites. The construction of Rh‐based nanozymes has attracted great interest in the biomedical field and impacted the industry and other areas. This paper reviews the typical synthesis and modification strategies, unique properties, applications, challenges, and prospects of Rh‐based nanozymes. Next, the unique features of Rh‐based nanozymes are emphasized, including adjustable enzyme‐like activity, stability, and biocompatibility. In addition, we discuss Rh‐based nanozymes biosensors and detection, biomedical therapy, and industrial and other applications. Finally, the future challenges and prospects of Rh‐based nanozymes are proposed.

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Advances in chronic traumatic encephalopathy

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

The Links between ALS and NF-κB

The Links between ALS and NF-κB

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: Update on Current Clinical Diagnosis and Management

Rhodium‐Based Nanozymes: Recent Advances and Challenges

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