Advances in polysaccharides of natural source of the anti-Alzheimer's disease effect and mechanism

Zhang, Zhiyuan; Wang, Shuai; Tan, Haining; Yang, Pei; Li, Yuanyuan; Xu, Lisha; Duan, Baoguo; Liu, Yuhong

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119961

Cited by 36 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Microglia exhibit two distinct phenotypes: M1 and M2. The M1 phenotype is associated with a pro-inflammatory state, releasing pro-inflammatory factors, whereas the M2 phenotype represents an anti-inflammatory state, releasing mediators that suppress inflammation ( Zhang et al, 2022b ). Microglia can phagocytize and degrade Aβ during normal physiological functions.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Admentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of AD are characterized by late-onset and sporadic ( Andrade-Guerrero et al, 2023 ). At present, there is an incomplete understanding of the underlying mechanisms of AD, with its primary pathological characteristics involving abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein and excessive accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) ( Zhang, Wang, et al, 2022b ). Multiple hypotheses have been proposed to explain the etiology of AD, encompassing the tau protein hypothesis, amyloid hypothesis, cholinergic hypothesis, oxidative stress (OS) hypothesis, neuroinflammation hypothesis, apoptosis hypothesis, neurotrophic hypothesis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress hypothesis, excitotoxicity hypothesis, and mitochondrial dysfunction hypothesis etc ( Liu et al, 2019a ; Serrano-Pozo, Das, and Hyman, 2021 ; Zhang, Wang, et al, 2022b ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mushroom-derived bioactive components with definite structures in alleviating the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease

Jiang,

Song,

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complicated neurodegenerative condition with two forms: familial and sporadic. The familial presentation is marked by autosomal dominance, typically occurring early in individuals under 65 years of age, while the sporadic presentation is late-onset, occurring in individuals over the age of 65. The majority of AD cases are characterized by late-onset and sporadic. Despite extensive research conducted over several decades, there is a scarcity of effective therapies and strategies. Considering the lack of a cure for AD, it is essential to explore alternative natural substances with higher efficacy and fewer side effects for AD treatment. Bioactive compounds derived from mushrooms have demonstrated significant potential in AD prevention and treatment by different mechanisms such as targeting amyloid formation, tau, cholinesterase dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, neurotrophic factors, ER stress, excitotoxicity, and mitochondrial dysfunction. These compounds have garnered considerable interest from the academic community owing to their advantages of multi-channel, multi-target, high safety and low toxicity. This review focuses on the various mechanisms involved in the development and progression of AD, presents the regulatory effects of bioactive components with definite structure from mushroom on AD in recent years, highlights the possible intervention pathways of mushroom bioactive components targeting different mechanisms, and discusses the clinical studies, limitations, and future perspectives of mushroom bioactive components in AD prevention and treatment.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Admentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mushroom-derived bioactive components with definite structures in alleviating the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease

Jiang,

Song,

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Aβ usually exists in various forms of monomers, oligomers, polymers and insoluble fibrous aggregates. Additionally, soluble Aβ monomer and other Aβ monomer interactions gradually transform into oligomers, polymers and fibrous aggregates [ 41 ]. Aβ fiber aggregates further form Aβ plaques, which first accumulate in the cerebral cortex and then expand to other brain regions with the end-stage pathology, such as the hippocampus and basal forebrain [ 42 ].…”

Section: Pathological Hypothesis Of Alzheimer’s Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because the main source of ROS in cells is from mitochondria, excessive accumulation of ROS will lead to the destruction of mitochondrial homeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction [ 54 ]. In addition, in the early stages of AD, ROS has been shown to cause Aβ deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation in the brain [ 41 ].…”

Section: Pathological Hypothesis Of Alzheimer’s Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Neuroinflammatory Potential of Natural Products in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Deng

Yan

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease, which is the main cause of dementia in the elderly. Much evidence shows that the onset and late symptoms of AD are caused by multiple factors. Among them, aging is the main factor in the pathogenesis of AD, and the most important risk factor for AD is neuroinflammation. So far, there is no cure for AD, but the relationship between neuroinflammation and AD may provide a new strategy for the treatment of AD. We herein discussed the main etiology hypothesis of AD and the role of neuroinflammation in AD, as well as anti-inflammatory natural products with the potential to prevent and alleviate AD symptoms, including alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids and polyphenols, which are available with great potential for the development of anti-AD drugs.

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“…The biological properties of wolfberries have been also largely reported and reviewed. For instance, when performing a browse search in the Web of Science platform in November 2022 using the following key words "Lycium barbarum review", and restricting for year 2022 only, it is possible to find a large number of review papers that have in their scope of analysis this species, as well as its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities, modulation of gut microbiota, neuroprotective, neuroprotective effects on retinal ganglion cells, immunomodulatory, positive effects on cognitive impairment, anti-fatigue effect, hepatoprotective, and anti-tumor effect [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. The role of the plant polysaccharides, including that of L. barbarum, in drug delivery system in tumor treatment, targeted therapy, and wound healing was also reviewed and discussed [63].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Biological Properties of Three Poorly Studied Species of Lycium Genus—Short Review

Miguel

2022

Metabolites

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The genus Lycium belongs to the Solanaceae family and comprises more than 90 species distributed by diverse continents. Lycium barbarum is by far the most studied and has been advertised as a “superfood” with healthy properties. In contrast, there are some Lycium species which have been poorly studied, although used by native populations. L. europaeum, L. intricatum and L. schweinfurthii, found particularly in the Mediterranean region, are examples of scarcely investigated species. The chemical composition and the biological properties of these species were reviewed. The biological properties of L. barbarum fruits are mainly attributed to polysaccharides, particularly complex glycoproteins with different compositions. Studies regarding these metabolites are practically absent in L. europaeum, L. intricatum and L. schweinfurthii. The metabolites isolated and identified belong mainly to polyphenols, fatty acids, polysaccharides, carotenoids, sterols, terpenoids, tocopherols, and alkaloids (L. europaeum); phenolic acids, lignans, flavonoids, polyketides, glycosides, terpenoids, tyramine derivatives among other few compounds (L. schweinfurthii), and esters of phenolic acids, glycosides, fatty acids, terpenoids/phytosterols, among other few compounds (L. intricatum). The biological properties (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic against some cancer cell lines) found for these species were attributed to some metabolites belonging to those compound groups. Results of the study concluded that investigations concerning L. europaeum, L. intricatum and L. schweinfurthii are scarce, in contrast to L. barbarum.

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Advances in polysaccharides of natural source of the anti-Alzheimer's disease effect and mechanism

Cited by 36 publications

References 108 publications

Mushroom-derived bioactive components with definite structures in alleviating the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease

Mushroom-derived bioactive components with definite structures in alleviating the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease

Anti-Neuroinflammatory Potential of Natural Products in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Chemical and Biological Properties of Three Poorly Studied Species of Lycium Genus—Short Review

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