Advances in role of organic acids in poultry nutrition: A review

Abstract

Anti microbial drug resistance concerns scientists all around the world epically one used as livestock feed additives. Feed grade antibiotics are given in non therapeutic doses which lead to survival of pathogenic microbes which in turn develop drug resistance, thus necessitating researchers to search for alternative ways to feed grade antibiotics besides doing least compromise on growth parameters. Organic acids are used in poultry to lower the pH of intestinal tract which favours good microbes which in turn suppress pathogenic microbes thus evicting the use of antibiotics. They are used in poultry diets and drinking water to elicit a positive growth response, improving nutrient digestibility, performance and immunity in poultry. Literature shows that organic acids have more or less pronounced antimicrobial activity, depending on both the concentration of the acid and the bacterial species that is exposed to the acid. The variability in response of organic acids and its possible mechanisms are discussed. Scope of this paper is to provide a view of the use of organic acids in the prevention of enteric disease in poultry, the effect on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), immunity and performance of broiler or laying hens. In the current review beneficial aspects of organic acids along with different dose combinations are discussed to promote its optimum utilization in poultry nutrition and production.

Butyric and Citric Acids and Their Salts in Poultry Nutrition: Effects on Gut Health and Intestinal Microbiota

“…Comparatively, Chowdhury et al examined the effects of CA at 0.5% and avilamycin at 0.001% on broilers and obtained significant growth performance parameters versus avilamycin or control diets at 35 days of age [108]. Similar CA findings in laying hens and broilers showed a positive response to stimulate pepsin activity, support protein digestion, increase apparent digestibility and phosphorus bioavailability [115,116].…”

The Effect of Citric Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance, Digestibility and Linear Body Measurement of Ross 308 Broiler Chickens: A Review

“…The Effect of Citric Acid Supplementation on Growth Performance, Digestibility and Linear Body Measurement of Ross 308... of the variety of citric acid and microbial phytase on feed conversion efficiency in broilers (Nezhad et al, 2007;Islam., 2012;Haq et al, 2017). Additionally, Kopeck et al (2012) found that treatment with CA (0.25 per cent) enhanced the feed conversion ratio in broilers.…”

“…Citric acids do not have any residual or detrimental residue in meat products, as well as the lack of any environmental impact contributing to microbial resistance, as is the case with antibiotics. Vargas-Rodriguez et al, (2002), Ao et al, (2009) and Haq et al (2017) discovered that 2 percent citric acid in the broiler feed improves DM, CP and neutral detergent substance absorption. Moreover, Ghazala et al (2011) discovered that providing 2% citric acid to broiler ration improved crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fiber (CF) and nitrogen-free extract (NFE).…”

11º Seminário de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão da Udesc Oeste – 11º SEPE e 4º Encontro da Pós-graduação da Udesc Oeste - 4º EPG

“…Os óleos essenciais presentes no Tratamento C possuem um mecanismo de ação baseado em propriedades antimicrobianas, que estabilizam a microbiota intestinal e diminuem a produção e excreção do número de mediadores químicos das células de defesa do intestino, sendo uma ação parecida com o que ocorre no uso de antibióticos. No tratamento com uso de ácidos orgânicos, sua melhora no desempenho está associada ao contato deste composto com a membrana plásmatica, do qual resultará em sua dissociação no interior da célula, onde vai ocorrer a liberação íons H + e por consequência redução do pH, que além de permitir um melhor aproveitamento de proteínas vai criar um ambiente estressante para as bactérias, que as leva a uma disfunção metabólica e diminuição de sua replicação (HAQ et al, 2017). O tratamento B (controle negativo) teve menor consumo de ração e menor ganho de peso, e apesar de ser utilizado para demonstrar o efeito dos tratamentos propostos, este também justifica a necessidade de inclusão de aditivos para manter a atual produtividade na avicultura.…”