Advances in the Chemistry and Applications of Bismaleimides

Landman, David

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-4179-3_2

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Direct condensation of o-cresol with 4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzoic acid in trifluoromethanesulphonic (triflic) acid gave very pure 3,3 0 -dimethyl-4,4 0 -dihydroxybenzophenone (2). 14 This condensed with 1,3-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)-benzene in the presence of Na 2 CO 3 ( Figure 6) to give polymer 3.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled variation of monomer sequence distribution in the synthesis of aromatic poly(ether ketone)s

Lim

Cross

Mills

et al. 2016

High Performance Polymers

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The effects of varying the alkali metal cation in the high-temperature nucleophilic synthesis of a semi-crystalline, aromatic poly(ether ketone) have been systematically investigated, and striking variations in the sequence distributions and thermal characteristics of the resulting polymers were found. Polycondensation of 4,4 0 -dihydroxybenzophenone with 1,3-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)benzene in diphenylsulphone as solvent, in the presence of an alkali metal carbonate M 2 CO 3 (M ¼ Li, Na, K, or Rb) as base, affords a range of different polymers that vary in the distribution pattern of two-ring and three-ring monomer units along the chain. Lithium carbonate gives an essentially alternating and highly crystalline polymer, but the degree of sequence randomization increases progressively as the alkali metal series is descended, with rubidium carbonate giving a fully random and non-thermally crystallizable polymer. Randomization during polycondensation is shown to result from reversible cleavage of the ether linkages in the polymer by fluoride ions, and an isolated sample of alternating sequence polymer is thus converted to a fully randomized material on heating with rubidium fluoride.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled variation of monomer sequence distribution in the synthesis of aromatic poly(ether ketone)s

Lim

Cross

Mills

et al. 2016

High Performance Polymers

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“…A solution of 0.3 g (1.4 mmol) DCC in 5 mL dichloromethane was added dropwise to a slurry of 0.5 g of a mixture of (B), ( 9 ) , and (10) in 20 mL dichloromethane. Stirring was continued for 5 h at room temperature.…”

Section: Mixture Of Compounds (S) (6) and ( 8 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We prepared the four equally substituted compounds ( 1,5,8,10) in a pure state by well-known method^.^,^ Addition of one equivalent of Ac20/NaAc or DCC to the bismaleamic acid ( 10) afforded ( 4 ) and ( 7 ) . The synthetic route to ( 9 ) consisted of the reaction of MDA with one equivalent of AcpO followed by addition of MA. Cyclodehydration of ( 9 ) with Ac20/NaAc or DCC gave ( 3 ) and ( 6 ) .…”

Section: Synthesis and Analysis Of Desbimidmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and properties of an easy‐processable bismaleimide thermoset resin

Winter

Mostert

Tholen

1992

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SYNOPSISReaction of methylenedianiline and maleic anhydride in acetone, followed by cyclodehydration in the presence of acetic anhydride and 1,4-diazabicyclo [ 2.2.2 ]octane as a catalyst, affords a mixture of compounds, Desbimid, with maleimide, isomaleimide, and acetamide groups. Dissolution of this mixture in styrene and 8-hydroxyethyl methacrylate results in clear liquid resins. The viscosity of the formulated resins ranges from 100-1700 mPas at 25°C depending on the concentration of Desbimid. These systems can be processed and cured at ambient temperatures until demoulding and postcured at temperatures up to 200 or 250°C. The flexural modulus, flexural strength, and elongation at break of a number of cured formulations are found between 3500-3800 N/mm2, 90-115 N/mm2, and 2.7-3.5%, respectively.

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“…However, their poor high-temperature properties and brittle nature restrict their use in advanced composites. Bismaleimides (BMIs) can provide a higher service temperature than epoxy resins because of their excellent thermal properties over a wide range of temperatures [1], and have a high performance-to-cost ratio. Generally, BMI-modified epoxy resins are thermoset/thermoset blends with a class of intercross-linked or interpenetrated polymer networks (IPNs) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal properties of an epoxy cresol‐formaldehyde novolac/diaminodiphenyl sulfone system modified by bismaleimide containing tetramethylbiphenyl and aromatic ether structures

Zhou

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2009

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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A bismaleimide monomer, 4,4 0 -bis(4-maleimidophenoxy)-3,3 0 ,5,5 0 -tetramethyl biphenyl (BMITB), was synthesized in high yield (94%) via a facile four-step reaction from 2,2 0 ,6,6 0 -tetramethyl-4,4 0 -biphenol. The chemical structure of BMITB was confirmed by FTIR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and elemental analysis. The monomer used to modify the epoxy cresol-formaldehyde novolac resin (ECN)/diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) system. Cured ECN/BMITB/DDS blends with higher BMITB content had two distinct glass transition temperatures that were above 2508C according to differential scanning calorimetry, indicating that an interpenetrated polymer network structure may be formed. The initial thermal decomposition temperature and integral procedure decomposition temperature of the cured ECN/BMITB/ DDS blends were >390 and 10808C, respectively, according to thermogravimetric analyses. No phase separation was observed in dynamic mechanical analysis of cured ECN/BMITB/DDS blends with small amounts of BMITB (5 and 10 wt%).

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Advances in the Chemistry and Applications of Bismaleimides

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Controlled variation of monomer sequence distribution in the synthesis of aromatic poly(ether ketone)s

Controlled variation of monomer sequence distribution in the synthesis of aromatic poly(ether ketone)s

Synthesis and properties of an easy‐processable bismaleimide thermoset resin

Thermal properties of an epoxy cresol‐formaldehyde novolac/diaminodiphenyl sulfone system modified by bismaleimide containing tetramethylbiphenyl and aromatic ether structures

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