Advances in the chemistry and applications of alkali-metal–gas batteries

Abstract

The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. CitationGao, Haining and Gallant, Betar M. 2020. "Advances in the chemistry and applications of alkali-metal-gas batteries." Nature Reviews Chemistry, 4 (11).

Synergized Multimetal Oxides with Amorphous/Crystalline Heterostructure as Efficient Electrocatalysts for Lithium–Oxygen Batteries

“…Aprotic lithium-oxygen (Li-O 2 ) batteries (LOBs) have emerged as promising alternative candidate for practical electric vehicle and large-scale energy storage applications by virtue of their high theoretical energy density (≈3500 Wh kg −1 ), low cost, and green active materials (O 2 ) for the cathode. [1,2] However, LOBs still suffer from the large polarization, low rate capability, and poor cyclability, which mainly originate from the sluggish kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), closely related to the formation and decomposition of insulated Li 2 O 2 at the cathode. [3][4][5][6] An active bifunctional electrocatalyst with high stability is highly required to address these issues faced in the cathode of LOBs.…”

Growth Mechanism of Micro/Nano Metal Dendrites and Cumulative Strategies for Countering Its Impacts in Metal Ion Batteries: A Review

“…Moreover, the anode material plays a vital and equal role in the comprehensive performance of high-energy-density battery systems [25][26][27]. It is possible that alkali metal anodes represent an option for such high-energy systems [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. These metal batteries have shown strong potential in the energy market and are anticipated to be next-generation batteries [36].…”

Oxygen electrochemistry in Li‐O2 batteries probed by in situ surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy

“…However, the adherence to conventional intercalation chemistries has limited the attainable energy density of LIBs, which lags behind the ever‐growing demands. Therefore, it is of primary priority to explore other more energetic reversible electrochemical reactions as the foundation for the next‐generation batteries 6,7 …”

“…Therefore, it is of primary priority to explore other more energetic reversible electrochemical reactions as the foundation for the next-generation batteries. 6,7 The aprotic Li-O 2 battery can deliver ultra-high theoretical specific energy (3500 Wh kg -1 based on forming Li 2 O 2 as the discharge product), and hence, has received unprecedented attention as a promising alternative to LIBs. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Its high specific energy is afforded by the conversion reaction at the cathode (O 2 + 2Li + + 2e -↔ Li 2 O 2 , E θ = 2.96 V vs. Li/Li + ), which abandons heavy transition metal oxides as the cathode materials in LIBs.…”