Advances in the cultivation of the highly-prized ectomycorrhizal mushroom Tricholoma matsutake

Yamanaka, Takashi; Yamada, Akiyoshi; Furukawa, Hitoshi

doi:10.1016/j.myc.2020.01.001

Cited by 39 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…In 2019, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) categorized matsutake as vulnerable. The production of sporocarps has drastically decreased in recent years 5 because of the deterioration of its growing environment. To understand the life cycle and life history of matsutake, safeguarding its production and conservation is necessary, which requires genomic analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake)

Kurokochi

Tajima

Sato

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Here, we report the first telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake), which consists of 13 chromosomes (spanning 160.7 Mb) and a 76 kb circular mitochondrial genome. The chromosome sequences were supported with telomeric repeats at the ends. GC-rich regions are located at the middle of the chromosomes and are enriched with long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs). Repetitive sequences including long-terminal repeats (LTRs) and LINEs occupy 71.7% of the genome. A total of 28,322 potential protein-coding genes and 324 tRNA genes were predicted. Sequence and structure variant analysis revealed 2,322,349 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 102,831 insertions and deletions, 0.6% of which disrupted gene structure and function and were therefore classified as deleterious mutations. As many as 683 copies of the LTR retrotransposon MarY1 were detected in the matsutake genome, 91 of which were inserted in gene sequences. In addition, 187 sequence variations were found in the mitochondrial genome. The genomic data reported in this study would serve as a great reference for exploring the genetics and genomics of matsutake in the future, and the information gained would ultimately facilitate the conservation of this vulnerable genetic resource.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake)

Kurokochi

Tajima

Sato

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…T. matsutake domination generates unique physical and chemical properties of shiro soil, including a sandy texture, low pH and water holding capacity, which might indirectly affect the distinct soil microbial community [9,10]. The microbial groups in shiro soil may be important for the growth of T. matsutake [11], especially the existence of other soil fungi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Interactions Matter: Tricholoma matsutake Domination Affect Fungal Diversity and Function in Mountain Forest Soils

Zhou

Gui

Yang

et al. 2021

Biology

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Tricholoma matsutake forms a symbiotic association with coniferous trees, developing mycelial aggregations, called ‘shiro’, which are characterized by distinct chemical and physical properties from nearby forest bulk soil. The fungal diversity living in shiro soil play key roles in nutrient cycles for this economically important mushroom, but have not been profiled across large spatial and environmental gradients. Samples of shiro and non-shiro (nearby bulk soil) were taken from five field sites where sporocarps naturally formed. Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) and Illumina MiSeq sequencing were combined to identify fungal biomass and community structure. Matsutake dominated in the shiro, which had a significantly reduced saprotrophic fungi biomass compared to non-shiro soil. Fungal diversity was negatively correlated with the relative abundance of T. matsutake in the shiro soil. The fungal community in the shiro was characterized by similar fungal species composition in most samples regardless of forest types. Matsutake coexisted with a specific fungal community due to competition or nutrient interactions. Oidiodendron was positively correlated with the abundance of T. matsutake, commonly cohabitant in the shiro. In contrast, Helotiales and Mortierella were negatively correlated with T. matsutake, both of which commonly inhabit the non-shiro soil but do not occur in shiro soils. We conclude that T. matsutake generate a dominance effect to shape the fungal community and diversity in shiro soil across distinctive forest types.

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“…(a) It is an iconic Agaricales mushroom species which belongs to Basidiomycota, with distinct fruiting body structures [14]; (b) It is ecologically important in maintaining forest health and functioning, through formation of symbiotic ectomycorrhizal relationships with forest trees species worldwide such as Picea glehnii in Japan, Pinus densiflora in Korea, and P. sylvestris in Europe, as well as Castanopsis, Quercus, and Lithocarpus in China [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct Compartmentalization of Microbial Community and Potential Metabolic Function in the Fruiting Body of Tricholoma matsutake

Liu

Pérez‐Moreno

Zhang

et al. 2021

JoF

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The uniquely compartmentalized fruiting body structure of the ectomycorrhizal fungus (EMF) Tricholoma matsutake, is a hotspot of microbial habitation and interaction. However, microbial diversity within this microniche structure of the EMF is rarely investigated. Furthermore, there is limited information concerning microbiomes associated with sporomes belonging to the ubiquitous fungal phylum Basidiomycota, particularly with respect to fungus-EMF interactions. In this study, we conducted high throughput sequencing, using ITS (fungal) and 16S rRNA (bacterial) marker genes to characterize and compare fruiting body microbiomes in the outer (pileipellis and stipitipellis) and inner layers (pileum context, stipe context, and lamellae) of the fruiting body of T. matsutake. Our results show the number of unique bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) among the different compartments ranged from 410 to 499 and was more than double that of the shared/common OTUs (235). Micrococcales, Bacillales, Caulobacter, and Sphingomonas were the primary significant bacterial taxa within the different compartments of the dissected T. matsutake fruiting body. Non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance showed significant compartmental differences for both the bacterial and the fungal community structure within the T. matsutake fruiting body. The metabolic profiling revealed putative metabolisms (of amino acids, carbohydrates, and nucleotides) and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites to be highly enriched in outer layers; in the inner parts, the metabolisms of energy, cofactors, vitamins, and lipids were significantly higher. This study demonstrates for the first time the distinct compartmentalization of microbial communities and potential metabolic function profiles in the fruiting body of an economically important EMF T. matsutake.

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Advances in the cultivation of the highly-prized ectomycorrhizal mushroom Tricholoma matsutake

Cited by 39 publications

References 81 publications

Telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake)

Telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake)

Fungal Interactions Matter: Tricholoma matsutake Domination Affect Fungal Diversity and Function in Mountain Forest Soils

Distinct Compartmentalization of Microbial Community and Potential Metabolic Function in the Fruiting Body of Tricholoma matsutake

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