Advances in the development of synchronous machines with high-temperature superconducting field winding at Siemens AG

Klaus, G.; Nick, W.; Neumüller, H.‐W.; Nerowski, G.; McCown, W.R.

doi:10.1109/pes.2006.1709648

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, some applications that use high temperature superconducting materials are able to overcome these obstacles and have been realized. These applications include machines [2], cables [3], fault current limiters [4], and superconducting magnetic bearings (SMBs) [5,6], which are the subject of this work. In this context, in order to make superconductors competitive with other technologies, it is important to develop a simulation tool able to predict the behavior of these materials with high accuracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H-formulation for simulating levitation forces acting on HTS bulks and stacks of 2G coated conductors

Sass¹,

Sotelo²,

Andrade³

et al. 2015

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

128

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Several techniques to model high temperature superconductors (HTSs) are used throughout the world. At the same time, the use of superconductors in transportation and magnetic bearings promises an increase in energy efficiency. However, the most widespread simulation technique in the literature, the H-formulation, has not yet been used to simulate superconducting levitation. The goal of this work is to present solutions for the challenges concerning the use of the H-formulation to predict the behavior of superconducting levitators built either with YBCO bulks or stacks of 2G wires. It is worth mentioning the originality of replacing bulks with HTS stacks in this application. In our simulation methodology, the movement between the HTS and the permanent magnet was avoided by restricting the simulation domain to the HTS itself, which can be done by applying appropriate boundary conditions and analytical expressions for the source field. Commercial finite element software was used for the sake of ease of implementation. Simulation results were compared with experimental data, showing good agreement. We conclude that the H-formulation is suitable for problems involving moving objects and is a good alternative to other approaches for simulating superconducting magnetic bearings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H-formulation for simulating levitation forces acting on HTS bulks and stacks of 2G coated conductors

Sass¹,

Sotelo²,

Andrade³

et al. 2015

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

128

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“…Hence, several superconducting machines have been designed to date. Applications range from ship propulsion [35] to all-electric aircraft proposals [36], achieving power to weight ratios of up to 8 kW/kg and torque densities of up to 2 Nm/kg in the power range of single megawatts or single MVA, respectively. The machines are either electrically excited by HTS-wound rotors or fitted with HTS magnets.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Opportunities of Very Light High-Performance Electric Drives for Aviation

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The demand for alternative fueling methods to reduce the need for fossil fuels is not limited to the electrification of ground vehicles. More-electric and all-electric aircraft pose challenges, with extensive requirements in terms of power density, efficiency, safety, and environmental sustainability. This paper focuses on electrical machines and their components, especially for high-power applications like the main propulsion. The electrical machine is evaluated from different aspects, followed by a closer look at the components and materials to determine the suitability of the current standard materials and advanced technologies. Furthermore, the mechanical and thermal aspects are reviewed, including new and innovative concepts for the cooling of windings and for the use of additive manufacturing. Aircraft have special demands regarding weight and installation space. Following recent developments and looking ahead to the future, the need and the possibilities for light and efficient electrical machines are addressed. All of the approaches and developments presented lead to a better understanding of the challenges to be expected and highlight the upcoming opportunities in electrical machine design for the use of electric motors and generators in future aircraft. Several prototypes of electrical machines for smaller aircraft already exist, such as the electric drive of the Siemens powered Extra 330LE. The focus of this paper is to provide an overview of current technical possibilities and technical interrelations of high performance electric drives for aviation. A 1 MW drive is exemplified to present the possibilities for future drives for airplanes carrying a larger number of passengers. All presented techniques can also be applied to other drive power classes.

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“…Size and weight reductions of >50% in the world's first highest HTS‐AC ship propulsion motor rated at 36.5 MW, 120 rmp [16] saves close to $1 million annually on fuel [17]. Another manufactured synchronous generator with HTS field winding rated at 4 MVA, 6.6 kV, 3600 rpm operating at 60 Hz was reported in [18, 19]. The question here is whether insulating systems can work at cryogenic temperatures.…”

Section: Superconducting Motors and Generatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High power density technologies for large generators and motors for marine applications with focus on electrical insulation challenges

Ghassemi

2020

High Voltage

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High power density generators and motors are envisaged in modern all-electric ships where electrical power for both propulsion and service loads is provided through a common electrical platform known as an integrated power system. Three recent high-power density technologies for generators and motors proposed for marine applications are reviewed, and the author focuses on their electrical insulation challenges. These technologies are high-frequency (high-speed) generators (200-400 Hz), superconducting generators, and novel insulation materials and systems. For high-speed generators, high loss in magnetic materials may shorten its insulation life. Thus, these generators should be designed to be cooled by water instead of air. For superconducting generators, the most significant concern is the integrity of the insulation system over the large thermal excursion whenever the system is cycled between room temperature and operating temperature. In novel insulation materials and systems section: (i) using mica paper tapes containing boron nitride filler in the binding resin of the glass backing insulation, developed by Toshiba and Von Roll, resulted in a 15% increase in the MVA of generators for the same slot dimensions and operating temperatures, (ii) GE developed an enhanced polyethylene glycol terephthalate-mica tape having superior voltageendurance characteristics, (iii) Isovolta has introduced a mica paper tape using a flat glass fibre backing material, called Powerfab, rather than the more common woven structure, leading to a 15% reduced mica tape, and (iv) adding novel nanocomposites as fillers to ground wall insulation, introduced by Siemens, is a promising technique towards more high power density designs. Furthermore, accelerated aging of insulation systems especially those in electrical rotating machines exposed to voltage pluses with high slew rates up to hundreds of kV/μs and high-repetition rates ranging from hundreds of kHz to MHz is discussed. These voltage pulses are generated by wide bandgap-based converters envisaged in the medium voltage DC architecture for future U.S. naval ships.

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Advances in the development of synchronous machines with high-temperature superconducting field winding at Siemens AG

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

H-formulation for simulating levitation forces acting on HTS bulks and stacks of 2G coated conductors

H-formulation for simulating levitation forces acting on HTS bulks and stacks of 2G coated conductors

Challenges and Opportunities of Very Light High-Performance Electric Drives for Aviation

High power density technologies for large generators and motors for marine applications with focus on electrical insulation challenges

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