Advances in the field of high‐molecular‐weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation by bacteria

Abstract

SummaryInterest in understanding prokaryotic biotransformation of high‐molecular‐weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW PAHs) has continued to grow and the scientific literature shows that studies in this field are originating from research groups from many different locations throughout the world. In the last 10 years, research in regard to HMW PAH biodegradation by bacteria has been further advanced through the documentation of new isolates that represent diverse bacterial types that have been isolated from different environments and that possess different metabolic capabilities. This has occurred in addition to the continuation of in‐depth comprehensive characterizations of previously isolated organisms, such as Mycobacterium vanbaalenii PYR‐1. New metabolites derived from prokaryotic biodegradation of four‐ and five‐ring PAHs have been characterized, our knowledge of the enzymes involved in these transformations has been advanced and HMW PAH biodegradation pathways have been further developed, expanded upon and refined. At the same time, investigation of prokaryotic consortia has furthered our understanding of the capabilities of microorganisms functioning as communities during HMW PAH biodegradation.

Marine Oil-Degrading Microorganisms and Biodegradation Process of Petroleum Hydrocarbon in Marine Environments: A Review

“…PAHs Cycloclasticus [36,42,43,73] Pyrene Mycobacterium [25,41,72] one basking alkanes and phytane in 21 days was 47.29 and 41.21 %, respectively [64]. Yuan et al also found the degradation rate of branched hydrocarbons was nearly two times than that of n-alkanes hydrocarbons [77].…”

Description of Immundisolibacter cernigliae gen. nov., sp. nov., a high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium within the class Gammaproteobacteria, and proposal of Immundisolibacterales ord. nov. and Immundisolibacteraceae fam. nov.

“…Production of indigo from exogenous indole was assessed by adding a crystal of indole to the lids of inverted Petri plates containing sRB2-pyruvate medium 24 h after inoculation. Indigo production from indole is indicative of activity for some ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases involved in the initial step in the aerobic degradation of PAHs [24,25]. A purple colour developed by colonies on the plate after exposure to indole confirmed the likely presence of an active ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase.…”

Pleiotropic and Epistatic Behavior of a Ring-Hydroxylating Oxygenase System in the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolic Network from Mycobacterium vanbaalenii PYR-1

“…Because of its versatile PAH degradation ability, M. vanbaalenii PYR-1 has been extensively studied as a model at both the laboratory and field scales (16, 17). These efforts have produced considerable information on its metabolic, biochemical, physiological, and molecular characteristics, which are also found in other aromatic-compound-degrading bacteria (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22).…”

“…Because of its versatile PAH degradation ability, M. vanbaalenii PYR-1 has been extensively studied as a model at both the laboratory and field scales (16, 17). These efforts have produced considerable information on its metabolic, biochemical, physiological, and molecular characteristics, which are also found in other aromatic-compound-degrading bacteria (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22).A global PAH metabolic network (MN) in M. vanbaalenii PYR-1 has been proposed on the basis of genomic, proteomic, metabolic, and biochemical information (23). The PAH-MN describes the biochemical pathways for the biodegradation of 10 PAHs with 183 metabolites and 224 chemical reactions, providing systematic insight into the structure, behavior, and evolution of bacterial PAH metabolism.…”