Advances in the scintillation performance of LSO:Ce single crystals

Melcher, Charles L.; Spurrier, M.A.; Eriksson, Lars; Eriksson, M.; Schmand, M.; Givens, G.; Terry, Rylan J.; Homant, T.; Nutt, R.

doi:10.1109/tns.2003.814585

Cited by 62 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…After the first study which revealed the promising properties of Gd 2 SiO 5 :Ce (GSO) [129], numerous investigations were devoted also to several other compounds of this material series, such as: Lu 2 SiO 5 :Ce (LSO), Y 2 SiO 5 :Ce (YSO), (Y 2 )-Lu 2 Si 2 O 7 :Ce (YPS and LPS) and several mixed compounds as well (most notably (Gd) 2-xor Lu 2-x Y x SiO 5 :Ce -GYSO and LYSO respectively). LSO:Ce presents the best figure-of-merit due to its highest density (7.4 g/cm 3 ), short scintillation decay time (about 40 ns), high light output (about 3.5-4 times that of BGO) and satisfactory energy resolution (7.75%) [130]. Single crystals were predominantly grown by the Czochralski technique using an iridium crucible, which is necessary due to very high melting point of these compounds (ranging between ~1950-2150 °C).…”

Section: Orthosilicate Single Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex oxide scintillators: Material defects and scintillation performance

Nikl¹,

Laguta

Vedda

2008

Physica Status Solidi (b)

198

106

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An overview of recognized structural defects, impurities and related trapping levels and their role in the scintillation mechanism is provided and discussed in single crystal materials belonging to tungstate, Ce‐ or Pr‐doped aluminum perovskite, garnet and finally to Ce‐doped silicate scintillators. New achievements and open problems in deeper understanding of electron and hole self‐trapping phenomena and of the nature of defects in the crystal structure and their ability to localize migrating charge carriers are indicated. Fast optical ceramics and nanocomposite materials are pointed out as possible future advanced scintillators. Such novel technologies can in principle explore materials which are not available in the bulk single crystal form, but their figure‐of‐merit is dramatically dependent on the surface‐interface defect states and related trapping and nonradiative recombination phenomena. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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Section: Orthosilicate Single Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex oxide scintillators: Material defects and scintillation performance

Nikl¹,

Laguta

Vedda

2008

Physica Status Solidi (b)

198

106

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“…Three characteristic crystals, widely used as scintillating materials, are selected: lead tungstate (PbWO 4 ), aluminum perovskite (YAlO 3 ), and Y or Lu orthosilicates (Y 2 SiO 5 /Lu 2 SiO 5 ). They are extensively applied in different technical fields as effective and fast scintillators 4–9. They are also used as good model crystals for investigation of lattice point defects and charge trapping phenomena in wide band‐gap insulating materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron spin resonance of paramagnetic defects and related charge carrier traps in complex oxide scintillators

Laguta

Nikl

2013

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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In the family of application‐important complex, oxide single crystal scintillators based on tungstates, aluminum perovskites, and yttrium (lutetium) orthosilicates, selected results of electron spin resonance study are presented. They are focused on various point defects, which participate in the processes of charge carriers transfer and capture. Particular attention is paid to the most natural defects inevitably present in oxide materials such as anion and cation vacancies, antisite defects, self‐trapped electron, and hole states. Current understanding of the nature of such charge trapping states and mechanisms of their creation in the selected oxide scintillation materials are discussed as well.

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“…With its 7.4 g/cm 3 density, high light yield, and fast ($43 ns) decay time, LSO is widely regarded as the best detector material available for positron emission tomography. LSO went into large-scale commercial production in the late 1990s; since that time there has been a significant effort by the authors and others to advance the state of the art of LSO growth [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%