Advantage of graft architecture with a flexible main chain for implantation of ductile nature into brittle amorphous acrylic glass

Hayashi, Mikihiro; Shibata, Keisuke; Nobukawa, Shogo

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124316

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Importantly, the observed T g of Graft‐PMMA was slightly higher than that of L‐PMMA (≈100 °C). This is in contrast to the result in our previous design, [ 23 ] where the T g of the PMMA graft copolymer (≈70 °C) was much lower than that of the PMMA homopolymer. In the previous design, the polyester main chain with a T g ≈ −10 °C and the PMMA graft chain were miscible, therefore naturally lowering the T g of PMMA chains.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…As a simpler design, we recently proposed a use of graft architecture to introduce ductile nature into all amorphous glassy acrylic resins. [ 23 ] The graft architecture has been frequently reported to demonstrate enhancement of toughness for semicrystalline glassy resins, [ 24–27 ] whereas the use of all amorphous components has been rarely examined. In our previous design, amorphous PMMA chains were grafted onto the low T g , flexible polyester main chain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation of All Amorphous PMMA Resins Based on the Graft Architecture with a Flexible Main Chain for Simultaneous Enhancement of Thermal and Mechanical Toughness

Yamawake

Hayashi

Nobukawa

2022

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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This study shows the design of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-based glassy polymers with simultaneous improvement of thermal resistance and mechanical toughness, based on the graft architecture with a low glass transition (T g ) flexible main chain. The microphase-separated structure of the flexible main chain and the glassy graft chains in this design may be key to these improved properties. Notably, the graft copolymer depicts the ductile fracture, and the microscopy observation for the fractured sample exhibits the presence of abundant void formation with relatively homogenous size and interval throughout the sample. The void formation could originate from the preferential fracture of aggregated flexible components distributed throughout the sample, indicating the effective role of the flexible main chain on the suppression of the internal stress. The novelty of the present study is on the use of simple graft architecture for enhancing the toughness of glassy resins. This idea is indeed distinct from the conventional approach to improve toughness by adding plasticizer or rubber particles, therefore opening a new method for the creation of high-functional glassy polymers.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of All Amorphous PMMA Resins Based on the Graft Architecture with a Flexible Main Chain for Simultaneous Enhancement of Thermal and Mechanical Toughness

Yamawake

Hayashi

Nobukawa

2022

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…One of the recent examples of flexible PMMA-based graft copolymers was reported by Hayashi et al, where the ductility of a glassy polymer like PMMA was enhanced with the help of graft architectures ( Figure 4 ). 58 The grafted PMMA fragments constituted a major portion of the copolymer and were responsible for significantly reducing the shear stress of the material. The flexible polyester grafted PMMA (PE- g -PMMA) showed a Young’s modulus ( E Y ) of 1.2 GPa which is similar to pure PMMA homopolymer.…”

Section: Flexible and Transparent Pmma-based Copolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flexible and Transparent Pmma-based Copolymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methyl Methacrylate-Based Copolymers: Recent Developments in the Areas of Transparent and Stretchable Active Matrices

et al. 2022

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The recent advancements of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as a transparent flexible polymer material have been utilized in numerous areas of engineering and materials science. PMMA-based copolymers demonstrate outstanding mechanical and optical properties owing to high transparency, lightweight nature, high impact resistance, and stress relaxation across glass transition temperature. These copolymers have unique characteristics of retaining optical and microstructural integrities during successive bending or elongations which make them an attractive choice for materials of stretchable electronics. In particular, there has been an escalated rise in the use of methyl methacrylate (MMA)-based transparent and stretchable copolymer films during the recent decades. Therefore, we have highlighted these recent developments into a comprehensive review in order to aid the future progress in these diverse fields. Herein, we have highlighted the scope of MMA as an important building block for the synthesis of highly transparent and flexible materials. The synthetic pathways of these copolymer materials and the resulting mechanical properties have been discussed. Moreover, the immense scope of these copolymer films has been highlighted by virtue of their applications in various industries.

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“…Unlike graft polymers with the same chemical structure for the backbone and side chains, graft block copolymers consisting of a rubbery backbone and glassy side chains can accomplish topological effects on the mechanics in tougher and harder polymeric materials. − For instance, Mays and co-workers have reported that a series of thermoplastic elastomers of graft block polymers, consisting of polyisoprene backbone and polystyrene side chains, outperform commercial PS-PI-PS triblock copolymers in terms of elongation and elastic recovery (Figure ). , These topological effects are due to the efficient connectivity between side chain glassy domains by a rubbery backbone during microphase separation. , Moreover, the graft block copolymers can change the microphase-separation morphology by altering the number of branching functions, which adjust the tensile strength of thermoplastic elastomers. ,, For another example, graft block copolymers with polylactic acid (PLA)-based side chains exhibit the toughening topological effect in solid thermoplastics, i.e., an increase in elongation while retaining the tensile strength of the majority of PLA. − While the mechanical properties of PLA-based graft block copolymers depend on crystallinity and phase-separation structure, their tensile behavior is governed by structural parameters rather than the chemical structure of the backbone .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comb Polyurethanes Consisting of Hard Segment Backbones and Dangling Soft Segments for Tailoring Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastics

Aoki,

Yoshida,

Ajiro

2024

Macromolecules

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Graft polymers, including comb and bottlebrush polymers, have emerged as a topological molecular design for tailoring elastic material properties, relying on structural parameters. Yet, in stiffer materials, particularly thermoplastics, the inherent chemical nature of polymers often eclipses this topological design of mechanical properties. Here, we present comb polyurethanes (PUs) with hard segments in the backbone and soft segments in the side chains, with varying structural parameters, side chain spacing, and length. A series of comb PUs were synthesized by combining 4,4′-methylenebis(cyclohexylisocyanate), ethylene glycol, and two types of α-methyl, ω-diol-terminated polyether macromonomers in a polyaddition procedure. These macromonomers with a controlled average molecular mass were synthesized through end group modification of methyl-terminated polyethylene glycol and cationic ring-opening polymerization of THF. Interestingly, the comb PUs displayed a linear correlation between various mechanical properties and backbone volume fraction (φ HS ), including Young's modulus, tensile strength, yielding strength, and elongation at break. FT-IR and rheological measurements indicated that the backbones approach each other more freely than scaling analysis predicted. We hypothesized that comb PU has a network structure composed of hard segments diluted by viscoelastic soft segment side chains. Overall, this work highlights the unique mechanical properties of the comb PUs with hydrogen bonds in the backbone in topological designs for thermoplastic mechanical properties.

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Advantage of graft architecture with a flexible main chain for implantation of ductile nature into brittle amorphous acrylic glass

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

Preparation of All Amorphous PMMA Resins Based on the Graft Architecture with a Flexible Main Chain for Simultaneous Enhancement of Thermal and Mechanical Toughness

Preparation of All Amorphous PMMA Resins Based on the Graft Architecture with a Flexible Main Chain for Simultaneous Enhancement of Thermal and Mechanical Toughness

Methyl Methacrylate-Based Copolymers: Recent Developments in the Areas of Transparent and Stretchable Active Matrices

Comb Polyurethanes Consisting of Hard Segment Backbones and Dangling Soft Segments for Tailoring Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastics

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