Adverse childhood experiences and somatic symptoms in adulthood: A moderated mediation effects of disturbed self-organization and resilient coping.

Kuhar, Metka; Kocjan, Gaja Zager

doi:10.1037/tra0001040

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…According to pooled data across 69 meta‐analyses (Sahle et al, 2021), adults' self‐reports of having experienced adversity during childhood were consistently associated with twofold increased odds for depression, anxiety, and suicidality. This association could also be ascertained for somatic symptoms (Creed et al, 2012; Kuhar & Zager Kocjan, 2022) and chronic somatic pain (Petruccelli et al, 2019; Sachs‐Ericsson et al, 2017). In addition, many studies report evidence for a dose–response relation, where the accumulation of ACE goes along with stronger mental health impairments (Hughes et al, 2017; Norman et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and personality functioning interact substantially in predicting depression, anxiety, and somatization

Kerber

Gewehr

Zimmermann

et al. 2023

Personality & Mental Health

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Etiological theories on the development of psychopathology often incorporate adverse childhood experiences (ACE) as an important contributing factor. Recent studies suggest personality functioning (PF; i.e., stability of the self and interpersonal relationships) as an important transdiagnostic construct that could be useful in better understanding when persons with ACE do (not) develop psychopathological symptoms. A representative sample of N = 2363 was assessed by questionnaires on ACE, PF (Level of Personality Functioning Scale—Brief Form 2.0), and current symptoms of depression, anxiety, and somatization (Brief Symptom Inventory 18). The interaction between ACE and PF on symptoms was investigated using multiple group models and Bayesian structural equation modeling. ACE were positively associated with psychopathology and PF impairments. The interaction effect between ACE and PF explained incremental variance in current symptoms, ranging from 26% for somatization to 49% for depression with the complete model explaining up to 91% of the latent variance in psychopathology. Our findings indicate a diathesis–stress model with PF as a resource or resilience that may buffer against the development of symptoms in the face of adversity. Treatments of depression and anxiety targeting self and interpersonal functioning therefore may lead to improvements in resilience and relapse prevention. [Correction added on 15 March 2023, after first online publication: Level of Personality Functioning Scale—Brief Form has been replaced to Level of Personality Functioning Scale—Brief Form 2.0 ]

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and personality functioning interact substantially in predicting depression, anxiety, and somatization

Kerber

Gewehr

Zimmermann

et al. 2023

Personality & Mental Health

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“…Previous research shows that the use of maladaptive ER strategies, such as rumination or catastrophizing, is related to increased somatic symptoms after traumatic experiences [26]. Use of adaptive ER strategies on the other hand has been found to reduce the impact of early life adversity on somatic symptoms [27]. In line with this, psychological treatments targeting explicit ER can be highly effective for patients with persistent somatic symptoms [28].…”

Section: Implicit Emotion Regulation Affective Control and Somatic Sy...mentioning

confidence: 87%

The regulatory role of affective inhibitory control in somatic symptoms among adolescents exposed to child maltreatment: a population-based study

Sætren

Augusti

Myhre

et al. 2022

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Adolescents exposed to child maltreatment are at increased risk for various somatic symptoms, but which psychological factors that contribute to this relationship need to be further investigated. Emotion dysregulation is suggested to serve as a proximal link between child maltreatment and somatic complaints. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether individual differences in affective inhibitory control, a central component in implicit emotion regulation, contribute to the risk of somatic symptoms in adolescents exposed to child maltreatment. Data were drawn from the UEVO study, a national population-based survey of adolescents between 12 and 16 years of age (N = 9240). For this study, we included participants who completed the emotional go/no-go task measuring affective inhibitory control (N = 7241; Mage/SD = 14 years/.87; 52% girls, 47% boys), of which N = 3349 reported at least one incident of maltreatment exposure (57% girls, 41% boys). Exposure to psychological abuse and sexual abuse were associated with somatic symptoms. Affective inhibitory control was related to somatic symptoms, both in the total sample and in adolescents exposed to child maltreatment. The strength of relationships between exposure to psychological abuse and somatic symptoms, as well as sexual abuse and somatic symptoms, were moderated by individual differences in affective inhibitory control problems. Our study suggests that psychological abuse and sexual abuse increase the risk for somatic symptoms in adolescence. Affective inhibitory control, a central component in implicit emotion regulation, was related to somatic symptoms and moderated the relationships between psychological abuse and somatic symptoms, and sexual abuse and somatic symptoms. Revealing these associations in a population-based sample indicates that treatment targeting affective inhibitory control may be beneficial and should be explored further in clinical settings.

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“…However, CPTSD separates the relational and self-concept symptoms in two criterion domains while DTD combines them in a single criterion set based on the strong linkage between attachment security and self-esteem (Pinto et al, 2015) and self-regulation (Pallini et al, 2018) in childhood and adolescence. DTD also includes somatic dysregulation along with emotion dysregulation in a criterion domain reflecting the somatic manifestations of traumatic stress adaptations in childhood (Espejo-Siles et al, 2020)which can extend into adulthood (Kuhar & Zager Kocjan, 2021). Although not included in CPTSD, dissociation is represented in DTD's emotion/somatic dysregulation domain in light of the evidence of a confluence of abuse and disorganized attachment with emotion dysregulation and dissociation in childhood (Hebert et al, 2020) and adolescence (Henschel et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can developmental trauma disorder be distinguished from posttraumatic stress disorder? A symptom-level person-centred empirical approach

Ford

Charak

Karatzias

et al. 2022

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Developmental Trauma Disorder (DTD) is a proposed childhood psychiatric diagnosis for psychopathological and developmental sequela of victimization and attachment trauma extending beyond posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Objective: To determine whether a sub-group of trauma-impacted children is characterized by symptoms of DTD that extend beyond, or co-occur with, the symptoms of PTSD. Method: Person-centred Latent Class Analyses (LCA) were done with data from 507 children (ages 7-18 years, (M = 12.11, SD = 2/92); 49% female) referred to the study by mental health or paediatric clinicians. Results: A four class solution was optimal (LMR = 398.264, p < .001; Entropy = .93): (1) combined DTD + PTSD (n = 150); (2) predominant DTD (n = 156); (3) predominant PTSD (n = 54); (4) minimal symptoms (n = 147). Consistent with prior research, the DTD + PTSD class was most likely to have experienced traumatic emotional abuse and neglect (X 2 (3) = 16.916 and 28.016, respectively, p < .001), and had the most psychiatric comorbidity (F(3, 502) = 3.204, p < .05). Predominant DTD class members were most likely to meet criteria for Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) (X 2 (3) = 84.66, p < .001). Conclusion: Symptoms of DTD may occur with, or separately from, PTSD symptoms. Children with high DTD|+PTSD symptoms had extensive psychiatric comorbidity, while those with high DTD symptoms and minimal PTSD symptoms were highly likely to meet criteria for ODD. In clinical and research assessment and treatment of children with complex psychiatric comorbidity or disruptive behaviour problems, symptoms of DTD should be considered, both along with, and in the absence of, PTSD symptoms.

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Adverse childhood experiences and somatic symptoms in adulthood: A moderated mediation effects of disturbed self-organization and resilient coping.

Cited by 20 publications

References 88 publications

Adverse childhood experiences and personality functioning interact substantially in predicting depression, anxiety, and somatization

Adverse childhood experiences and personality functioning interact substantially in predicting depression, anxiety, and somatization

The regulatory role of affective inhibitory control in somatic symptoms among adolescents exposed to child maltreatment: a population-based study

Can developmental trauma disorder be distinguished from posttraumatic stress disorder? A symptom-level person-centred empirical approach

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