Adverse Effects of Using Metallurgical Slags as Supplementary Cementitious Materials and Aggregate: A Review

Qiang, Zhang; Pang, Lang; Wang, Dengquan

doi:10.3390/ma15113803

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…For example, Hua Na proved the possibility of using copper-nickel slag to form expanding filling mixtures with the addition of hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide and Sodium silicate [ 14 ]. Moreover, the issues of the geotechnical and technological parameters of the filling mass are far from being improved [ 15 , 16 ]. Hence, the transition to rock formation recycling during metal extraction and the integrated use of technogenic raw materials from tailings remains a fundamental scientific problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailings Utilization and Zinc Extraction Based on Mechanochemical Activation

et al. 2023

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The significant containment of the global mining industry is caused by the problem of the transition to sustainable metal extraction and the integrated use of technogenic raw materials from the tailings of ore processing. The modeling of metal leaching processes using mechanical activation of polymetallic raw material components is particularly important in expanding the application of mining tailings as inert fillers of filling mixtures. This study is aimed at detecting the rotor speed factor on the chemical and mechanochemical effect of zinc yield growth from polymetallic tailings of the mining industry. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to improve the modeling of metal leaching processes using mechanical activation by improving the compositions of the filling mixtures. The methodology of the work included several comprehensive studies: the mechanical activation of tailings during zinc leaching from pulp in the DESI-11 disintegrator; the activation of enrichment tailings and the formation of a filling mass with different parameters of the component composition; the curing of cubic samples and their testing on the IP-1250 press. The Vi Improved text editor was used to prepare the algorithms for deterministic methods of three-dimensional interpolation in the Python language. The experimental results were graphically displayed using Gnuplot. The study of the agitation leaching of the waste obtained from the Sadonskiy mining district results in the fact that the NaCl mass concentration decreased from 13 to 1% and the H2SO4 concentration stabilization within 0.5 to 0.6% led to a 3-time increase in the zinc yield from the pulp, according to the polynomial law (from 28 to 91%). The obtained results expand the idea of the mechanism of the strength gain by the filling mass under mechanical activation on the components of the filling mixture, as well as changes in the efficiency of zinc leaching at different ratios of two types of lixiviants (sulphuric acid and sodium chloride) in the leaching solution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailings Utilization and Zinc Extraction Based on Mechanochemical Activation

et al. 2023

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“…SCMs can be mainly classified into two categories: natural pozzolanic minerals (such as pozzolana, kaolin or metakaolin, and calcined clay) [ 6 , 7 , 8 ] and industrial by-products [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Considering their relatively low cost and the benefits to environmental protection, industrial by-products with high pozzolanic activity and/or hydration capacity, such as steel slag [ 12 ], slag [ 13 , 14 ], fly ash [ 15 , 16 ], and silica fume [ 17 ], are very suitable to be used in the development of cementitious composites as a substitute for cement. SCMs mainly contribute by filling pores, consuming calcium hydroxide, producing hydrated calcium silicate, and reducing the interface transition zone, which improves not only the mechanical behaviors but also the workability and durability of cementitious composites [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Particle Size and Morphology of Siliceous Supplementary Cementitious Material on the Hydration and Autogenous Shrinkage of Blended Cement

Zhao

et al. 2023

Materials

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Supplementary cementitious material (SCM) plays an important role in blended cement, and the effect of the particle size and morphology of siliceous supplementary cementitious material on hydration should not be ignored. In this study, 0.5 h and 1 h of wet grinding was applied to pretreat iron ore tailing powder (TP), and the divergence in pozzolanic behavior and morphology were investigated. Then, the treated TPs were used to replace the 30% cement contents in preparing blended cementitious paste, and the impact mechanism of morphology on performance was studied emphatically. M, the autogenous shrinkages of pastes were tested. Finally, hydration reaction kinetics was carried out to explore the hydration behavior, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the hydration product properties, respectively. Meanwhile, microscopy intrusion porosimetry (MIP) was also carried out to characterize the pore structures of hardened specimens. Results indicated that wet grinding has a dramatic effect on particle size and morphology, but hardly affects the phase assemblages and pozzolanic reactivity of TP, while the particle shape of TP changes from sub-circular to clavate and, finally, back to sub-circular. The results of hydration reaction kinetics, representing the morphology of particles, had a significant effect on hydration rate and total heat, and compared with the sub-circle one, the clavated particle could inhibit the hydration procedure. With the increasing grinding time, the compressive strength of cementitious paste was increased from 17.37% to 55.73%, and the micro-pore structure became denser; however, the autogenous shrinkage increased.

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“…The mineral composition of SS contains C 3 S, γ-C 2 S, C 4 AF, C 2 F, RO phase (CaO–FeO–MnO–MgO solid solution), free-CaO, and free-MgO [ 1 ]. SS has been mainly used as aggregate substitution [ 2 , 3 , 4 ] and supplementary cementitious materials [ 5 , 6 ] in building materials. Some mechanical properties and durabilities of concrete with complete or partial substitution of SS aggregate were examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Hydration Properties of Steel Slag-Based Composite Cementitious Materials with High Strength

Wang

et al. 2023

Materials

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Steel slag (SS) has been largely discharged but little utilized, causing an environmental problem in China. In this paper, SS-based composite cementitious materials with high strength were prepared by the high volume of SS (≥40%), granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS), fly ash (FA), flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) and cement to promote the effective utilization of SS. The hydration and hardening properties were studied through setting time, compressive strength, length change, isothermal calorimetry (IC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) tests. The results show that SS-based composite cementitious material exhibited a lower hydration heat release, an appropriate setting time, and volume stability. The SS cementitious material with 40% SS could obtain high strength of over 65 MPa at 28 days and 80 MPa at 90 days. The strength value of > 60 MPa is present in the binder, with 50% SS at 56 days. GBFS promotes hydration reactions and the formation of AFt and C-(A)-S-H gel, thus enhancing compressive strength. FA has a beneficial effect on later strength. The small and fine pore structures contribute to the development of strength. The main hydration products of SS composite cementitious materials are C-(A)-S-H gel, and ettringite (AFt), with less Ca(OH)2. The C-(A)-S-H gel with a lower Ca/Si ratio and a higher Al/Ca ratio in cementitious material, promotes mechanical properties.

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Adverse Effects of Using Metallurgical Slags as Supplementary Cementitious Materials and Aggregate: A Review

Cited by 14 publications

References 128 publications

Tailings Utilization and Zinc Extraction Based on Mechanochemical Activation

Tailings Utilization and Zinc Extraction Based on Mechanochemical Activation

Effect of Particle Size and Morphology of Siliceous Supplementary Cementitious Material on the Hydration and Autogenous Shrinkage of Blended Cement

Preparation and Hydration Properties of Steel Slag-Based Composite Cementitious Materials with High Strength

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