Aerial firefighting against urban fire: Mock-up house experiments of fire suppression by helicopters

Konishi, Tadashi; Kikugawa, Hisao; Iwata, Yusaku; Kitamura, Hiroshi; Sagae, Kohei; Ito, Akihiko; Kato, Katsutoshi

doi:10.1016/j.firesaf.2007.10.005

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Aerial support can potentially assist ground crews by reducing the intensity of the approaching fire or of a structure fire (Konishi et al, 2008). There are few data about the success of any type of suppression resource directly protecting property during a wildfire.…”

Section: Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the risk of house loss due to wildfires

Penman

Nicholson

Bradstock

et al. 2015

Environmental Modelling & Software

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Section: Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the risk of house loss due to wildfires

Penman

Nicholson

Bradstock

et al. 2015

Environmental Modelling & Software

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“…After analyzing and generalizing the results of the conducted experimental research and materials [1][2][3][4], we can conclude that fine water spraying is the necessary condition of fire extinguishing.…”

Section: Figure 7 Instantaneous Velocities Of Water Droplets Moving mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Forest fire fighting by means of aircraft predominantly involves dropping large masses of water (up to 30-50 tons at a time) onto the fire zone [1][2][3]. Wildfires are suppressed using three effects of water on the processes taking place in burning forest fuel (FF) [4]: it reduces the temperature of the flame and the reacting material as a result of rapid evaporation, it forms a vapor cloud ousting the air from the area of interaction with fuel (gaseous products of thermal decomposition of FF), and it suppresses FF pyrolysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement of water drops in a forest fuel layer in the course of its thermal decomposition

Volkov¹,

Кузнецов²,

Strizhak³

2018

THERM SCI

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In this paper, we conducted an experimental investigation on water droplets gravitating in a layer of typical forest fuel (as illustrated by pine needle litter) in the course of its thermal decomposition. We used a high-speed (200 fps) video recording system, Tema Automotive software with continuous tracking of a moving object as well as a set of low-inertia (no more than 0.1 second) thermocouples. Similar experiments were performed at moderate temperatures (below the onset temperature of forest fuel pyrolysis, i. e. about 300 K). Two approaches were used: continuous tracking of a moving water droplet using high-speed video recording and registration of a droplet path using the readings of thermocouples placed at different levels in a forest fuel layer. We determined the typical depths of an forest fuel layer that water droplets reach with the initial volume of these droplets ranging from 90 to 900 µL. The typical velocities of water droplets were calculated at different depths of the forest fuel layer. We also determined the share of the mass of water spent in an forest fuel layer on evaporation and cooling of the material down to the temperatures below those of thermal decomposition. Finally, we identified the physical processes influencing water droplets moving through the layers of forest fuel heated up to the high temperatures similar to those of thermal decomposition.

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“…The problem of extinction of the forest fires has been perhaps the most urgent topic for many years [1][2][3][4]. Forest fires destroy annually millions of hectares of forests, thus the entire ecosystems have disappeared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this approach does not allow localizing the fire propagation and moreover extinguishing the FCM fire site. This is due to the fact that a water mass (fire-extinguishing liquid) usually covers a quite limited FCM surface area [3]. In addition, recent theoretical studies [5,6] have shown that when large water masses are locally discharged to a fire site, about 90-95% of the liquid is involved in firefighting inefficiently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire extinction of forest fuels by droplets and water film

Волков

Vysokomornaya

2018

THERM SCI

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The paper presents the experimental results about fire extinction in the model fire sites of forest combustible materials. We use the high-speed video recording tools during the experiments, as well as the system of multiphase media diagnostics based on panoramic optical flow visualization techniques. The presented experiments prove that it is possible to extinguish the forest combustible material (FCM) by small amount of water. The study considers several ways to stop FCM thermal decomposition: by individual large water droplets (1-3 mm), by an aerosol flow (the droplet size is from 0.05 mm to 0.12 mm), or through water film formation on the FCM surface. Typical durations of the FCM thermal decomposition and time of fire suppression are determined for various conditions of interaction with water. The experimental results identify which amount of water is enough to extinguish the FCM by different ways of water transfer to the reacting surface layer. Furthermore, it is estimated how the component composition and the properties of the tested FCM mixtures effects onto the characteristics of the investigated processes. The residual fraction of the FCM was evaluated by comparison of initial and final (after extinguishing) mass of the sample.

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Aerial firefighting against urban fire: Mock-up house experiments of fire suppression by helicopters

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Reducing the risk of house loss due to wildfires

Reducing the risk of house loss due to wildfires

Movement of water drops in a forest fuel layer in the course of its thermal decomposition

Fire extinction of forest fuels by droplets and water film

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