Aerodynamic Characteristics of the Cooling Tower under the Nonuniform Distribution of the Water and Air Flows

Sharifullin, V. N.; Badriev, Ayrat I.

doi:10.1134/s0040601519080081

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…This model can also be used for winter and summer applications, but it does not account for the impact of freezing conditions on plume thermodynamics and does not simulate precipitation, which can be produced by very large plumes in cold weather. We note that inside water-cooling towers, there can exist maldistribution of water flows as demonstrated by previous authors [26,27], but at the twelve-cell water cooling tower site in the southeastern U.S., the enthalpy transfer rates for all twelve cells are nearly identical with variations of 2 to 3% except for the tenth cell, which was 8% higher than the average as seen in Figure 4. This indicates that on a cell-by-cell basis, the thermal energy transferred from the cooling water to the air flowing through the cooling tower is the same to within a few percent.…”

Section: Methods and Modelingsupporting

confidence: 76%

Assessment of Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower Thermal Emissions from Visual Images of Plumes

et al. 2023

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Using a one-dimensional code, we computed the power (enthalpy discharge rate) of a twelve-cell mechanical draft cooling tower (MDCT) using over two hundred visible condensed water vapor plume volume measurements derived from images, weather data, and tower operating conditions. The plume images were simultaneously captured by multiple stationary digital cameras surrounding the cooling tower. An analysis technique combining structure from motion (SfM), a neural-network-based image segmentation algorithm, and space carving was used to quantify the volumes. Afterwards, the power output was computed using novel techniques in the one-dimensional code that included cooling tower exhaust plume adjacency effects implemented with a modified version of the entrainment function, weather data averaged from eleven stations, and fan operations at the times when plume volumes were measured. The model was then compared with the averaged observed power output, and it validated well with an average error ranging from 6 to 12%, depending on the meteorological data used in the simulations. This methodology can possibly determine power plant fuel consumption rates by applying visible imagery.

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Section: Methods and Modelingsupporting

confidence: 76%

Assessment of Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower Thermal Emissions from Visual Images of Plumes

et al. 2023

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“…For example, an additional heat exchanger between the cooling tower and the heat source leads to a temperature increase of around 2.7 K [44] (p. 5). Moreover, irregularities in the air and water flow distribution in the cooling tower play a decisive role in practical application and further restrict the application area provided in this study [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free Cooling for Saving Energy: Technical Market Analysis of Dry, Wet, and Hybrid Cooling Based on Manufacturer Data

2023

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In light of energy and climate targets, free cooling unlocks a major resource-saving potential compared to refrigeration. To fill the knowledge gap in quantifying this saving potential, we aim to specify the physical and technical limits of cooling tower applications and provide comprehensive data on electricity and water consumption. For this purpose, we distinguish six types of package-type cooling towers: dry, closed wet, open wet, and three types of hybrid systems; defining one generalized system for all types enables comparability. Subsequently, we collect data from 6730 system models of 27 manufacturers, using technical information from data sheets and additional material. The analysis reveals, for example, specific ranges of electricity demand from 0.01 to 0.06 kWel/kWth and highlights influencing factors, including type and operating point. Refrigeration systems would consume approximately ten times more electricity per cooling capacity. Furthermore, the evaluation demonstrates the functional limits, for example, the minimum cooling temperatures. Minimum outlet temperatures using evaporative cooling are up to 16 K lower than for dry cooling. The collected data have crucial implications for designing and optimizing cooling systems, including potential analysis of free cooling and efficiency assessment of cooling towers in operation.

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“…Three tower-type evaporative cooling towers with irrigation areas of 1600, 2600, and 3200 m 2 were chosen as the objects of this study. Water and airflow non-uniformities have been previously found in them [19,20]. The cooling towers are monolithic natural draft towers that are equipped with a polymer filler.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into Heterogeneity of Cooling Temperature in Evaporative Cooling Towers

Badriev

2023

The 4th International Electronic Conference on Applied Sciences

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Aerodynamic Characteristics of the Cooling Tower under the Nonuniform Distribution of the Water and Air Flows

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Assessment of Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower Thermal Emissions from Visual Images of Plumes

Assessment of Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower Thermal Emissions from Visual Images of Plumes

Free Cooling for Saving Energy: Technical Market Analysis of Dry, Wet, and Hybrid Cooling Based on Manufacturer Data

Investigation into Heterogeneity of Cooling Temperature in Evaporative Cooling Towers

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