Aerosol Jet® Printing of Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene): Poly(Styrenesulfonate) onto Micropatterned Substrates for Neural Cells In Vitro Stimulation

Seiti, Miriam; Ginestra, Paola; Ferraro, Rosalba Monica; Giliani, Silvia; Vetrano, Maria Rosaria; Ceretti, Elisabetta; Ferraris, Eleonora

doi:10.18063/ijb.v8i1.504

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…AAGO-PEDOT thin films also show well-defined square edges and a uniform black-coloured surface, but some residual ink droplets are also visible. Standard PEDOT:PSS was printed for comparison ( Figure 7 e), showing uniform printed shape, and similar results have been obtained by the same authors with other PEDOT:PSS-based solutions [ 30 , 33 ]. However, a higher print speed equal to 25 mm/s is used for this study, which is much higher than the one used in multiple studies, that is, 1 mm/s [ 60 , 61 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In addition, inks from the ternary nanocomposites are formulated, and an emerging 3D printing technique, Aerosol Jet ® Printing (AJ ® P), which is a rising contactless direct write approach aimed at producing fine features on a wide range of substrates [ 31 ], is applied to analyse their printability. Developed for the printed electronics industry, this technology has been recently exploited also for bioelectronics and tissue engineering [ 32 , 33 , 34 ]. The green additives (G and AA) utilised for the GO reduction process were derived from natural and renewable sources, and the process was evaluated by UV-Vis and XRD techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pedot:PSS/Graphene Oxide (GO) Ternary Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Applications

et al. 2023

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Among conductive polymers, poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) has been widely used as an electrode material for supercapacitors, solar cells, sensors, etc. Although PEDOT:PSS-based thin films have acceptable properties such as good capacitive and electrical behaviour and biocompatibility, there are still several challenges to be overcome in their use as an electrode material for supercapacitors. For this reason, the aim of this work is to fabricate and characterise ternary nanocomposites based on PEDOT:PSS and graphene oxide (GO), blended with green additives (glucose (G) or ascorbic acid (AA)), which have the benefits of being environmentally friendly, economical, and easy to use. The GO reduction process was first accurately investigated and demonstrated by UV-Vis and XRD measurements. Three-component inks have been developed, and their morphological, rheological, and surface tension properties were evaluated, showing their printability by means of Aerosol Jet® Printing (AJ®P), an innovative direct writing technique belonging to the Additive Manufacturing (AM) for printed electronics applications. Thin films of the ternary nanocomposites were produced by drop casting and spin coating techniques, and their capacitive behaviour and chemical structures were evaluated through Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) tests and FT-IR analyses. CV tests show an increment in the specific capacitance of AAGO-PEDOT up to 31.4 F/g and excellent overtime stability compared with pristine PEDOT:PSS, suggesting that this ink can be used to fabricate supercapacitors in printed (bio)-electronics. The inks were finally printed by AJ®P as thin films (10 layers, 8 × 8 mm) and chemically analysed by FT-IR, demonstrating that all components of the formulation were successfully aerosolised and deposited on the substrate.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedot:PSS/Graphene Oxide (GO) Ternary Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Applications

et al. 2023

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“…In our prior study, this assumption was confirmed by SEM and AFM images from osteoblast-imprinted substrates. 36 Although some other techniques such as aerosol jet and other additive manufacturing methods have provided very exciting results in terms of preparing the special topographic substrates, 51 for simulating the cells pattern due to the specific topography of cells and very tiny dimensions of cell structure, the additive manufacturing methods can not be as precise as desirable. Therefore, the cell-imprinting technique by using PDMS could be the most appropriate choice for this target.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivation of 3D Cell-Imprinted Polydimethylsiloxane Surfaces by Bone Protein Nanocoating for Bone Tissue Engineering

et al. 2022

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Physical and chemical parameters that mimic the physiological niche of the human body have an influence on stem cell fate by creating directional signals to cells. Micro/nano cell-patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates, due to their ability to mimic the physiological niche, have been widely used in surface modification. Integration of other factors such as the biochemical coating on the surface can achieve more similar microenvironmental conditions and promote stem cell differentiation to the target cell line. Herein, we investigated the effect of physical topography, chemical functionalization by acid bone lysate (ABL) nanocoating, and the combined functionalization of the bone proteins’ nanocoated surface and the topographically modified surface. We prepared four distinguishing surfaces: plain PDMS, physically modified PDMS by 3D cell topography patterning, chemically modified PDMS with bone protein nanocoating, and chemically modified nano 3D cell-imprinted PDMS by bone proteins (ABL). Characterization of extracted ABL was carried out by Bradford staining and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis, followed by the MTT assay for evaluation of cell viability on ABL-coated PDMS. Moreover, field emission scanning electron microscopy and profilometry were used for the determination of optimal coating thickness, and the appropriate coating concentration was identified and used in the study. The binding and retention of ABL to PDMS were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and bicinchoninic acid assay. Sessile drop static water contact angle measurements on substrates showed that the combined chemical functionalization and nano 3D cell-imprinting on the PDMS surface improved surface wettability by 66% compared to plain PDMS. The results of ALP measurement, alizarin red S staining, immunofluorescence staining, and real-time PCR showed that the nano 3D cell-imprinted PDMS surface functionalized by extracted bone proteins, ABL, is able to guide the fate of adipose derived stem cellss toward osteogenic differentiation. Eventually, chemical modification of the cell-imprinted PDMS substrate by bone protein extraction not only improved the cell adhesion and proliferation but also contributed to the topographical effect itself and caused a significant synergistic influence on the process of osteogenic differentiation.

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“… Fabrication of printable devices for neurotechnology, in the center respectively, a 3D nanoprinted microelectrode array platform, and inkjet-printed gold electrode arrays for bioelectronic interfaces (Reproduced from Khan et al (2016) and Saleh et al (2022) ), employing: (A) Digital light processing (Reproduced from Market Business News (2023) ). (B) Aerosol jet printing (Reproduced from Seiti et al (2022) ). (C) Inkjet printing (Reproduced from Cruz et al (2018) ).…”

Section: Overview Of Printing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printable devices for neurotechnology

Matta,

Moreau,

O’Connor

2024

Front. Neurosci.

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Printable electronics for neurotechnology is a rapidly emerging field that leverages various printing techniques to fabricate electronic devices, offering advantages in rapid prototyping, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. These devices have promising applications in neurobiology, enabling the recording of neuronal signals and controlled drug delivery. This review provides an overview of printing techniques, materials used in neural device fabrication, and their applications. The printing techniques discussed include inkjet, screen printing, flexographic printing, 3D printing, and more. Each method has its unique advantages and challenges, ranging from precise printing and high resolution to material compatibility and scalability. Selecting the right materials for printable devices is crucial, considering factors like biocompatibility, flexibility, electrical properties, and durability. Conductive materials such as metallic nanoparticles and conducting polymers are commonly used in neurotechnology. Dielectric materials, like polyimide and polycaprolactone, play a vital role in device fabrication. Applications of printable devices in neurotechnology encompass various neuroprobes, electrocorticography arrays, and microelectrode arrays. These devices offer flexibility, biocompatibility, and scalability, making them cost-effective and suitable for preclinical research. However, several challenges need to be addressed, including biocompatibility, precision, electrical performance, long-term stability, and regulatory hurdles. This review highlights the potential of printable electronics in advancing our understanding of the brain and treating neurological disorders while emphasizing the importance of overcoming these challenges.

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Aerosol Jet® Printing of Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene): Poly(Styrenesulfonate) onto Micropatterned Substrates for Neural Cells In Vitro Stimulation

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Pedot:PSS/Graphene Oxide (GO) Ternary Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Applications

Pedot:PSS/Graphene Oxide (GO) Ternary Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Applications

Bioactivation of 3D Cell-Imprinted Polydimethylsiloxane Surfaces by Bone Protein Nanocoating for Bone Tissue Engineering

Printable devices for neurotechnology

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