Aerosols Created by Some Surgical Power Tools: Particle Size Distribution and Qualitative Hemoglobin Content

Heinsohn, Patricia A.; Jewett, Don L.; Balzer, Leroy; Bennett, Craig; Seipel, Peter; Rosen, Alan

doi:10.1080/1047322x.1991.10389727

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…2 We report mean geometric sizes for electrocautery particles in the smaller mode between 66.7 and 99.1 mm, with much higher small-particle concentrations. Previous authors have identified chemicals found in electrosurgical smoke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analysis of Surgical Smoke Produced by Various Energy-Based Instruments and Effect on Laparoscopic Visibility

Weld

Dryer

Ames

et al. 2007

Journal of Endourology

100

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,"Analysis of surgical smoke produced by various energy-based instruments and effect on laparoscopic visibility." Journal of Endourology.21,3. 347-351. (2007 ABSTRACT Purpose:We analyzed the smoke plume produced by various energy-based laparoscopic instruments and determined its effect on laparoscopic visibility. Materials and Methods:The Bipolar Macroforceps, Harmonic Scalpel, Floating Ball, and Monopolar Shears were applied in vitro to porcine psoas muscle. An Aerodynamic Particle Sizer and Electrostatic Classifier provided a size distribution of the plume for particles Ͼ500 nm and Ͻ500 nm, and a geometric mean particle size was calculated. A Condensation Particle Counter provided the total particle-number concentration. Electron microscopy was used to characterize particle size and shape further. Visibility was calculated using the measured-size distribution data and the Rayleigh and Mie light-scattering theories.Results: The real-time instruments were successful in measuring aerosolized particle size distributions in two size ranges. Electron microscopy revealed smaller, homogeneous, spherical particles and larger, irregular particles consistent with cellular components Conclusions: Surgical smoke is composed of two distinct particle populations caused by the nucleation of vapors as they cool (the small particles) and the entrainment of tissue secondary to mechanical aspects (the large particles). High concentrations of small particles are most responsible for the deterioration in laparoscopic vision. Bipolar and ultrasonic instruments generate a surgical plume that causes the least deterioration of visibility among the instruments tested.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, there is a paucity of data regarding the morphology, size, and composition of surgical smoke. [1][2][3] Also, the effects of smoke on laparoscopic visibility have not been quantified. The objective of this study was to characterize the smoke produced by four commonly used energy-based laparoscopic instruments.…”

Section: Introduction Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Surgical Smoke Produced by Various Energy-Based Instruments and Effect on Laparoscopic Visibility

Weld

Dryer

Ames

et al. 2007

Journal of Endourology

100

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show abstract

“…During laboratory simulations, it has been demonstrated that some of these instruments can produce inhalable aerosols (Heinsohn et al, 1991;Jewett et al, 1992;Johnson and Robinson, 1991). The potential for the generation of inhalable particles by other surgical procedures, such as skin dermabrasion, has been reported (Wentzell et a]., 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Aerosols Produced during Surgical Procedures in Hospitals

Yeh

Turner

Jones

et al. 1995

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…The other study, where a Stryker saw was again among the instruments evaluated, noted that blood was detected among the aerosols generated, and that most of the particles collected were less than 5 µm. 27 In addition, data collected at animal necropsy by the U.S. Army at Fort Detrick, MD, noted that 30 test organisms were recovered from the air during the autopsy of an animal dissected immediately after the intraperitoneal injection of 10 ml of a culture of the test organism. 28 While these studies indicate that the potential is present for the production of infectious aerosols during necropsy, standards specific to the evaluation of infectious aerosols do not exist.…”

Section: B Sulfur Dioxidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 Two recent studies have investigated the role of surgical power tools in the production of aerosols. 25,27 One of these, a study of aerosols generated at human autopsy, noted a peak concentration of respirable particles of 5700 particles/cc, when a Stryker saw was used to remove the skull cap of a young male. 25 All of the particles captured in the saw operator's breathing zone were respirable (<10 µm), with a mean diameter of 0.37 µm.…”

Section: B Sulfur Dioxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-91-287-2228, Ohio Department of Agriculture, Reynoldsburg Laboratory, Reynoldsburg, Ohio.

1992

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This Health Hazard Evaluation (HHE) report and any recommendations made herein are for the specific facility evaluated and may not be universally applicable. Any recommendations made are not to be considered as final statements of NIOSH policy or of any agency or individual involved.Additional HHE reports are available at http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/hhe/reports This Health Hazard Evaluation (HHE) report and any recommendations made herein are for the specific facility evaluated and may not be universally applicable. Any recommendations made are not to be considered as final statements of NIOSH policy or of any agency or individual involved.Additional HHE reports are available at http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/hhe/reports This Health Hazard Evaluation (HHE) report and any recommendations made herein are for the specific facility evaluated and may not be universally applicable. Any recommendations made are not to be considered as final statements of NIOSH policy or of any agency or individual involved. applicable. Any recommendations made are not to be considered as final statements of NIOSH policy or of any agency or individual involved.Additional HHE reports are available at http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/hhe/reports Analyses of samples for total particulates collected during necropsy did not reveal concentrations above the limit of detection of the method (LOD: 0.01 mg). The results of air sampling for respirable particulates produced during necropsy were inconclusive. NIOSH investigators did not return to perform additional sampling do to the fact that the results of sampling for total particulates indicated that sampling for respirable particulates would reveal even lower concentrations.The results of interviews and questionnaires revealed that 91% of the employees in Buildings 3, 4, and 6 participated in the survey. In addition, four maintenance employees requested to be included in the sample. Although the majority of laboratory employees reported ready access to gloves and disposable respirators, there was a great deal of variability in the use of this personal protective equipment. Similarly, there were inconsistencies in the storage locations for food and personal items, the wearing of lab coats or uniforms while eating, and the home laundering of work-specific clothing. Although 35% of the lab workers were aware of the classification of disease organisms according to biosafety level, only one employee reported having received any such training while working at the Reynoldsburg labs, and none of the employees could correctly identify the biosafety level of the organism or disease that they worked with the majority of the time.On the basis of the data obtained during this investigation, the NIOSH investigators determined that a potential hazard exists for the transmission of infectious organisms to laboratory workers in Building 6, due to the lack of a comprehensive biological safety program at the ODA Reynoldsburg labs. In addition, Building 3 requires extensive renovations to return laboratory ventilation systems to r...

show abstract

Aerosols Created by Some Surgical Power Tools: Particle Size Distribution and Qualitative Hemoglobin Content

Cited by 44 publications

References 4 publications

Analysis of Surgical Smoke Produced by Various Energy-Based Instruments and Effect on Laparoscopic Visibility

Analysis of Surgical Smoke Produced by Various Energy-Based Instruments and Effect on Laparoscopic Visibility

Characterization of Aerosols Produced during Surgical Procedures in Hospitals

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-91-287-2228, Ohio Department of Agriculture, Reynoldsburg Laboratory, Reynoldsburg, Ohio.

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