Aetiology of sexually transmitted infections in Maputo, Mozambique

Abstract

Introduction: The study sought to ascertain the prevalence of the aetiological agents of genital discharge and genital ulcer diseases in Maputo, Mozambique. Methodology: Consecutive consenting patients presenting to the Centro de Saúde do Porto in Maputo between March and April 2005 with genital discharge syndrome and/or genital ulcer diseases were recruited. Specimens were collected for the identification of STI pathogens. Results: Of 346 recruited patients, 164 were male and 182 female. The prevalence of confirmed single aetiological agents for male urethritis was as follows: N. gonorrhoeae, 35%; C. trachomatis, 10%; and M. genitalium 4%. For vaginal discharge, N. gonorrhoeae was found in11% of the women tested, followed by C. trachomatis (6.5%), bacterial vaginosis (34%), and T. vaginalis (2%). The prevalence of genital ulcers was as follows: Herpes simplex virus type 2, 62%; H. ducreyi 4 %; and C. trachomatis biovar LGV, 4%. Five percent of patients with genital ulcers had a positive syphilis serology (RPR ≥ 1:8 and confirmed by TPHA) and 35% of all tested patients were HIV-1/2 infected. Cases of mixed infections were present in 5%, 11% and 3% of patients with male urethritis, vaginal discharge, and genital ulcers respectively. Conclusion: The classic sexually transmitted infection aetiologies are still prevalent in Maputo. The study highlights the need for a periodic surveillance to inform syndromic management protocols.

Spectrum of vaginal discharge in a tertiary care setting

“…Zimba et al . [11] found BV in 34% cases, gonorrhea in 11% of cases, Chlamydia infection in 7% cases, trichomoniasis in 2%, mixed infections in 11% and no definite laboratory diagnosis in 22% cases. El Sayed Zaki et al .…”

Factors associated with symptomatic vulvovaginal candidiasis: A study among women attending a primary healthcare clinic in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa

“…[22] Amplification was performed by in-house polymerase chain reaction (PCR) under specific thermal cycling conditions using the Thermo Cycler instrument. The following DNA oligonucleotide primers (Roche Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland) appropriate for PCR amplification were used – for M. genitalium : MgPa1 (5’- AGT TGA TGA AAC CTT AAC CCC TTG G-3’) and MgPa3 (5’-CCG TTG AGG GGT TTT CCA TTT TTG C-3’);[23] for T. vaginalis : TVK3 (5′AT TGT CGA ACA TTG GTC TTA CCC TC3′) and TVK7 (5′ TCT GTG CCG TCT TCA AGT ATG C3′);[24] for herpes simplex virus type 2: KS30 (5’- TTC AAG GCC ACC ATG TAC TAC AAA GAC GT-3’) and KS31 (5’- GCC GTA AAA CGG GGA CAT GTA CAC AAA GT-3’).…”

Determinants of Symptomatic Vulvovaginal Candidiasis among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infected Women in Rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

“…The cervical swab was used for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae using a strand displacement amplification technology (Becton Dickinson Probetec Assays, Sparks, Maryland, USA) method as previously described [12]. DNA of Mycoplama genitalium , Trichomonas vaginalis , and herpes simplex virus type 2 was obtained using QIAamp DNA mini kits (Qiagen Ltd., Chatsworth, CA) [12].…”

“…DNA of Mycoplama genitalium , Trichomonas vaginalis , and herpes simplex virus type 2 was obtained using QIAamp DNA mini kits (Qiagen Ltd., Chatsworth, CA) [12]. An in-house PCR method for amplification was used as previously described [12–14]. The amplified PCR product was analyzed by gel electrophoresis.…”