Affective and Enjoyment Responses to High-Intensity Interval Training in Overweight-to-Obese and Insufficiently Active Adults

Martinez, Nic; Kilpatrick, Marcus W.; Salomon, Kristen; Jung, Mary E.; Little, Jonathan P.

doi:10.1123/jsep.2014-0212

Cited by 162 publications

(170 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…With this in mind, there may be a minimum exercise duration required to expend adequate energy to achieve weight loss and it is important to find ways to increase the psychological tolerability of these programs, as we have done. Our data complement previous findings demonstrating that reduced-duration sprint bouts elicit more positive affective responses (Martinez et al 2015). For example, Martinez and colleagues (2015) found that affect remained more positive throughout shorter sprint bouts when SIT sessions maintained the same work to rest ratio (1:1) but varied only in sprint duration (30, 60, and 120 s).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Considering traditional SIT is already highly demanding (Biddle and Batterham 2015), the practicality of longer sprints as utilized in the Martinez et al (2015) study is questionable and our results are potentially more meaningful to the general population. In our companion paper we demonstrate greater energy expenditure during reduced-duration SIT (5 and 15 s) compared with traditional SIT (Islam et al 2017) and we show here that both of our shorter duration SIT protocols resulted in near pre-exercise affect levels at 30 min postexercise and were evaluated as more enjoyable at 30 min postexercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Moreover, the anticipated enjoyment of performing 5:40 and 15:120 protocols for 3×/week over the next month was greater than 30:240. A rebound in postexercise affect was previously observed following HIIT protocols (Oliveira et al 2013;Jung et al 2014) and studies consistently demonstrate that HIIT/SIT are perceived as enjoyable when assessed at postexercise (Bartlett et al 2011;Oliveira et al 2013;Jung et al 2014;Kilpatrick et al 2015a;Martinez et al 2015). Taken together, because affective responses and perceived enjoyment can positively influence future exercise participation, at least during MICT (Rhodes et al 2010), future research should perform long-term training studies utilizing our reduced-duration sprint protocols to assess their potential as alternatives to traditional SIT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modified sprint interval training protocols. Part II. Psychological responses

Townsend

Islam

Dunn

et al. 2017

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Sprint-interval training (SIT) is a viable method to improve health and fitness. However, researchers have questioned the utility of SIT because of its strenuous nature. The current study aimed to determine if manipulating the sprint and recovery duration, while maintaining the 1:8 work to rest ratio, could uncover a more favourable SIT protocol. Nine healthy active males (age, 23.3 ± 3.0 years; body mass index, 22.4 ± 2.2 kg·m −2 ; maximal oxygen consumption, 48.9 ± 5.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modified sprint interval training protocols. Part II. Psychological responses

Townsend

Islam

Dunn

et al. 2017

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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“…Only 4HIIT increased VO 2 max after 6-week intervention, probably due to a longer tVO 2 max and improved estimated stroke volume. However, a shorter duration of the peak workload duration may lessen perceived exertion for individuals with a low aerobic fitness [14][15][16] and may easily be sustained and be performed with more repetitions, resulting in a similar tVO 2 max. 16 Matsuo et al 17,18 has proposed 3 × 3 min HIIT as a suitable protocol for Japanese as shown in his excellent review of HIIT studies among patients with obesity and metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Hiit Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Universal Application of High-intensity Interval Training from Athletes and Sports Lovers to Patients

Azuma

Matsumoto

2016

Keio J. Med.

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Recently, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has received much attention as a promising exercise option not only to improve aerobic fitness, but also to prevent and improve lifestyle-related diseases. Epidemiological studies have shown that the exercise volume, as determined by the product of exercise intensity, duration, and frequency, has been shown to be important for improvements in muscle mitochondrial activity and subsequent improvements in aerobic fitness, insulin sensitivity, and metabolic variables. Therefore, continuous moderate-intensity training has been widely recommended. On the other hand, the main contributor of HIIT to improvements in aerobic fitness and metabolic variables is its high-intensity nature, and many recent studies have shown results favoring HIIT when compared with conventional continuous training, despite its shorter exercise duration and smaller exercise volume. In this review, we aim to show the possible universal application of HIIT in a hospital setting, where athletes, sports lovers, and patients have sought medical advice and have the opportunity to undergo detailed evaluations, including an exercise stress test. For athletes, HIIT is mandatory to achieve further improvements in aerobic fitness. For patients, though higher levels of motivation and careful evaluation are required, the time constraints of HIIT are smaller and both aerobic and resistance training can be expected to yield favorable results because of the high-intensity nature of HIIT.

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“…Also, physical inactivity is related to high costs with public health [2] therefore, regular exercise seems to be critical for individual and public health. In this context, it has been hypothesized that the affective response (pleasure and displeasure) may be a determinant of behavior [3], based on this premise, several original studies were performed during the last years as an attempt to establish a relationship between aerobic exercise and affective responses [4][5][6][7]. In general, the scientific literature demonstrates that aerobic exercise performed at high intensities is related to negative affective responses [8,9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroscience of Exercise: Perspectives for Exercise Adherence

2016

ARC Journal of Neuroscience

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It is well established that physical inactivity may increase the risk for the development of chronic diseases [1]. Also, physical inactivity is related to high costs with public health [2] therefore, regular exercise seems to be critical for individual and public health. In this context, it has been hypothesized that the affective response (pleasure and displeasure) may be a determinant of behavior [3], based on this premise, several original studies were performed during the last years as an attempt to establish a relationship between aerobic exercise and affective responses [4][5][6][7]. In general, the scientific literature demonstrates that aerobic exercise performed at high intensities is related to negative affective responses [8,9]. Moreover, a review published in 2015 showed that the affective response during aerobic exercise at a moderate intensity may predict future physical activity behavior [10]. However, despite the advancement of scientific literature in understanding the relationship between exercise and affective responses, the cerebral mechanisms that underlie this relationship are not well understood.Different theories are used to explain how the brain processes the affective responses. Davidson, proposed that the asymmetric electrical activity of right and left prefrontal cortex (PFC) may explain the pattern of affective response [11]. Specifically, Davidson proposed that the higher activation of left PFC is linked to positive affective response by inhibiting the amygdala whereas the higher activation of right PFC is linked to negative affective response [12]. However, it should be considered that the amygdala and the PFC are not the only structures involved in the affect modulation. The hippocampus, insula and anterior cingulate cortex are also involved in the affect modulation [12]. For example, ventral hippocampus is linked to the reward circuitry and stress response (controlling the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis) [13] which may influence the affective responses [14].In addition to the electrical and anatomical factors, metabolism is also an important factor to understanding the pattern of affective responses. Several substances such as cortisol [14], epinephrine and norepinephrine [14] and dopamine [15] may influence the affective responses. Another hypothesis used to explain the relationship between exercise and pleasure is the endocannabinoid hypothesis [16] which is based on the premise that an interaction between endocannabinoids and dopamine may influence the reward system increasing the sense of well being. Although research in this area has advanced, one of the main challenges is to understand how the brain interprets sensory inputs to generate an effective response.In summary, the advancement of technology brings new perspectives for neuroscience of exercise. Different instruments may be used to assess cerebral responses to exercise such as electroencephalography, near-infrared spectroscopy or magnetic resonance. However, due to the problems associated with the use of these i...

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Affective and Enjoyment Responses to High-Intensity Interval Training in Overweight-to-Obese and Insufficiently Active Adults

Cited by 162 publications

References 38 publications

Modified sprint interval training protocols. Part II. Psychological responses

Modified sprint interval training protocols. Part II. Psychological responses

Potential Universal Application of High-intensity Interval Training from Athletes and Sports Lovers to Patients

Neuroscience of Exercise: Perspectives for Exercise Adherence

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