“…The detection limits (DLs) of the present sensor system to pepsin and o-egg are determined to be 4.8 nM (0.168 μg mL –1 ) and 18.9 nM (0.837 μg mL –1 ), respectively, according to the 3σ IUPAC criteria. Presently, there are several methods that have been reported to detect these two proteins, such as chromatographic methods, − imprinting hybrid thin films or imprinting polymers, , fluorescent nanoparticles, and voltammetric immunosensor . By comparison, chromatographic analysis exhibits lower sensitivity at milligram levels, − while sensitivity information is not available for imprinting methods. , The fluorescent nanoparticles show competitive sensitivity to pepsin (DL of 0.256 μg mL –1 ); however, this method needs much longer incubation time (180 min) for protein detection .…”