Affirmative action policy in developing countries: Lessons learned and a way forward

Abstract

provides economic analysis and policy advice with the aim of promoting sustainable and equitable development. The Institute began operations in 1985 in Helsinki, Finland, as the first research and training centre of the United Nations University. Today it is a unique blend of think tank, research institute, and UN agency-providing a range of services from policy advice to governments as well as freely available original research.

Affirmative action, minorities, and public services in India: Charting a future research and practice agenda

“…The few available studies examining the effect of political reservations for SC, ST and women candidates in general indicated a positive redistributive impact. These reservations are associated with a reduction in incidence, and to some extent intensity, of poverty among SC, ST and women, as well as among low income communities in general (26,27). This poverty reduction impact is more effectively realised in rural, as compared to urban constituencies, and is more pronounced in the case of SC and ST reservations compared to those for women (26,27).…”

“…These reservations are associated with a reduction in incidence, and to some extent intensity, of poverty among SC, ST and women, as well as among low income communities in general (26,27). This poverty reduction impact is more effectively realised in rural, as compared to urban constituencies, and is more pronounced in the case of SC and ST reservations compared to those for women (26,27). A study of ST reservations in the state assembly reveals similar positive findings, with an increase in targeted spending on tribal welfare programmes (28).…”