Aflatoxin M₁and cyclopiazonic acid in fluid milk traded in São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract

Aflatoxin M(1) (AFM(1)) and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) were determined in 48 samples of grade A-C and ultra-high-temperature (UHT)-treated fluid commercial milk from São Paulo, Brazil, from July to December 2004. AFM(1) and CPA determinations were carried out by HPLC. Results showed 37 (77.1%) positive samples for AFM(1) at levels of 0.011-0.251 microg l(-1) milk, which were below the tolerance limit for AFM(1) in milk as adopted by Brazilian regulations. Mean levels of AFM(1) in grades A-C and UHT milk were 0.060+/-0.080, 0.056+/-0.063, 0.064+/-0.041 and 0.075+/-0.048microg l(-1), respectively. CPA was detected in two samples (4.2%) of grade A milk at levels of 6.4 and 9.7 microg l(-1). This is the first report of the occurrence of CPA in milk in Brazil. It was concluded that the incidence of AFM(1) in milk traded in São Paulo is low, but the simultaneous occurrence of CPA, even at low levels, warrants concern about AFM(1) in milk and milk products.

Estimate of aflatoxin M1 exposure in milk and occurrence in Brazil

“…According to studies carried out in Brazil (Garrido, Iha, Ortolani, & Fávaro, 2003;Oliveira, Rosmaninho, & Rosim, 2006;Prado et al, 1999) a high incidence of AFM 1 (79.9%, 82.0% and 77.1%, respectively) was found in low concentrations. These studies were performed by HPLC.…”

Mycotoxins in cattle feeds and carry-over to dairy milk: A review

“…d Aflatoxin M1 is not a product of rumen metabolism but originates from hepatic metabolism of aflatoxin B 1 . e According to Oliviera et al (2006). f Ochratoxin-is considered to be less toxic than ochratoxin A, but it can be esterified to yield ochratoxin C, which is a toxic form.…”

Produção de aflatoxinas e ácido ciclopiazônico por cepas de Aspergillus flavus isoladas de amendoim

“…No Brasil, além de amendoim, há relatos de ACP em produtos derivados de tomates e em leite comercial, coletados no estado de São Paulo (Motta; Soares, 2000;2001;Oliveira et al, 2006).…”