Aflatoxin M1 Contamination of Ice Cream in Samsun, Turkey

Cadirci, O.; Gücükoğlu, Ali; Ozpinar, Necati; Terzi, Göknur; Alişarli, Mustafa

doi:10.3923/javaa.2011.2047.2050

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In addition, the number of tested samples significantly differs and the data series may not be fully comparable. However, the published studies of Cadirci et al (2011) and Nilchian and Rahimi (2012) reported low AFM 1 contamination rates. In the report from Cadirci et al (2011) accounted for 120 samples from Samsun, Turkey, the revealed positive samples were 26.08% with detected range of 6.12-32.15 ng/kg and average of 14.67 ng/kg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, the published studies of Cadirci et al (2011) and Nilchian and Rahimi (2012) reported low AFM 1 contamination rates. In the report from Cadirci et al (2011) accounted for 120 samples from Samsun, Turkey, the revealed positive samples were 26.08% with detected range of 6.12-32.15 ng/kg and average of 14.67 ng/kg. In the study published by Nilchian and Rahimi (2012), for 40 tested ice cream samples with origin from Shahrekord in Iran, 29% positive samples were detected with a mean 65.1 ng/kg and detected maximum of 197.4 ng/kg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Dietary Exposure and Health Risk Assessment of Aflatoxin M1 in Dairy Products Consumed by Population of North Macedonia

Ilievska¹,

Stojanovska-Dimzoska²,

Koceva³

et al. 2022

JFQHC

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Background: Aflatoxins (AFs), as secondary metabolites, are mainly produced by fungi of Aspergillus genus. The determination of contamination rate, dietary exposure, and health risk assessment for aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) was conducted aimed to estimate potential health risks for the population of North Macedonia. Methods: A total of 974 dairy samples, including 404 Ultra-High Temperature (UHT) milk, 291 ice cream, 178 yogurt, and 101 cheese were collected from the markets in North Macedonia. Analysis of AFM1 was done using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection. Results: The AFM1 incidence was highest in yogurt samples (93.8%) and lowest in UHT milk samples (67.8%). AFM1 concentrations were 49.1±68.4, 30.9±30.0, 35.1±40.4, and 40.1±90.1 ng/kg for UHT milk, ice cream, yogurt, and cheese samples, respectively. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) for the average population and high consumers (upper bound; samples with AFM1<Limit of Detection (LOD) were 0.150 and 0.456 ng/kg body weight (bw)/day, respectively. The Hazard Index (HI), Margin of Exposure (MoE), and the fraction of Hepatocarcinoma (HCC) cases per 100,000 inhabitants for the average population reached values of 0.33, 8533, and 0.004, respectively. Conclusion: To our best knowledge, this is the first report of dietary exposure and risk assessment of AFM1 in dairy products of North Macedonia, revealing a potential risk of AFM1 in population of this country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dietary Exposure and Health Risk Assessment of Aflatoxin M1 in Dairy Products Consumed by Population of North Macedonia

Ilievska¹,

Stojanovska-Dimzoska²,

Koceva³

et al. 2022

JFQHC

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Kars İlinde Satışa Sunulan Dondurmalarda Aflatoksin M1 Varlığının Belirlenmesi

Sezer¹,

Aksoy²,

Vatansever³

et al. 2014

İstanbul Üniv. Vet. Fak. Derg.

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Bu araştırmada Kars İli'nde üretilip ambalajsız olarak satılan 50 adet dondurma örneği aflatoksin M 1 varlığı yönünden analiz edilmiştir. ELISA tekniği ile yapılan analiz sonucu örneklerden 27 adedinde (%54) Aflatoksin M 1 miktarı <0,005 µg/kg olarak belirlenmiştir. Örneklerin 6 adedinde (%12) toksin miktarı 0,005-0,05 µg/kg'dır. Bununla birlikte, Avrupa Birliği ve Türk Gıda Kodeksi'nde süt ve ürünleri için belirtilen Aflatoksin M 1 limitini (0,05 µg/kg) aşan toplam 17 örnek (%34) tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler, dondurmaların halk sağlığı açısından tehlike oluşturabileceği ve bu nedenle üretim ve depolama sırasında kontrollerinin ciddi bir şekilde yapılması gerektiğine işaret etmiştir.

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A 20-Year Data Review on the Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk and Dairy Products in Mediterranean Countries—Current Situation and Exposure Risks

Malissiova,

Tsinopoulou,

Gerovasileiou

et al. 2024

Dairy

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Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a major carcinogenic compound found in milk and dairy products, posing a constant risk to consumers in the Mediterranean region. This study systematically reviewed AFM1 presence in these products in Mediterranean countries over a period of 20 years and estimated the relevant nutritional exposure for consumers. Using data from three databases, 596 articles were retrieved with 123 meeting the inclusion criteria. The frequency of AFM1 occurrence was 40% regardless of milk type, with non-cow milk showing an increasing trend. Moreover, the Estimated Daily Intake of AFM1 from milk and dairy product consumption and the associated Hazard Index were determined. Notably, Southeastern Mediterranean countries presented higher contamination levels, leading to elevated Estimated Daily Intake and Hhazard Index values. Thermally processed milk showed high contamination levels, and among dairy products, cheeses were the most contaminated. This review highlights AFM1 as a persistent hazard in the dairy sector, underscoring the need for effective interventions throughout the milk production stages.

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Aflatoxin M1 Contamination of Ice Cream in Samsun, Turkey

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Dietary Exposure and Health Risk Assessment of Aflatoxin M1 in Dairy Products Consumed by Population of North Macedonia

Dietary Exposure and Health Risk Assessment of Aflatoxin M1 in Dairy Products Consumed by Population of North Macedonia

Kars İlinde Satışa Sunulan Dondurmalarda Aflatoksin M1 Varlığının Belirlenmesi

A 20-Year Data Review on the Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk and Dairy Products in Mediterranean Countries—Current Situation and Exposure Risks

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