African Americans with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: An Update

Williams, Monnica T.; Debreaux, Marlena; Jahn, Matthew

doi:10.2174/1573400512666160602124146

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This specific problem has only been seen in self-report measures. However, one structured interview tool demonstrated a high miss rate when assessing African Americans for OCD, even when administered by primarily Black clinicians with special training (Williams, Debreaux, & Jahn, 2016). So, the assessment techniques used in this investigation may not capture all African Americans with OCD symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination and symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder among African Americans.

Williams¹,

Taylor²,

Mouzon³

et al. 2017

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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This study examined symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in a nationally-representative sample of African American adults (n = 3,570), and correlations between OCD symptom dimensions and experiences of discrimination. Two categories of discrimination were examined, everyday racial discrimination and everyday non-racial discrimination (e.g., due to gender, age, and weight) to determine if racial discrimination had a unique impact on OCD symptoms. Results indicated that everyday racial discrimination was related to both categories of obsessions and all four categories of compulsions. Everyday non-racial discrimination, however, was not related to any of the categories of obsessions or compulsions. This indicates that racial discrimination is uniquely related to obsessions and compulsions for African Americans. The implications of these findings are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrimination and symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder among African Americans.

Williams¹,

Taylor²,

Mouzon³

et al. 2017

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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“…Previous research indicates that people who hold one or more marginalized identities experience treatment barriers to accessing evidence-based treatments for OCRD (Fernández de la Cruz et al, 2016; M. Williams, Debreaux, & Jahn, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and impacts of intersectionality on obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms across intensive treatment.

Wadsworth¹,

Potluri²,

Schreck³

et al. 2020

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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Historically, intensive obsessive-compulsive and related disorder (OCRD) treatment settings have been underrepresentative in terms of patient race and ethnicity. The present study piloted a novel technique to measure multiple marginalized identities and assess their impact on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms and treatment response across intensive residential treatment (IRT). Participants included 715 residents receiving IRT for OCRD. Measures included the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS), Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44, and measures of depression and quality of life. In addition, we piloted a marginalized identity score, an additive measure of intersectionality. Most patients endorsed holding primarily privileged identities. Higher marginalized identity score was significantly correlated with higher depression symptom severity and lower quality of life throughout treatment. Both at baseline and discharge, higher marginalized identity score was significantly and positively correlated with greater OCD symptom severity. Higher marginalized identity score was significantly associated with greater severity of DOCS1, DOCS2, DOCS4, and obsessive beliefs across multiple domains. Consistent with previous literature, patients in our IRT setting were not demographically representative of the general population. Individuals with more marginalized identities endorsed higher symptoms of OCD, obsessive beliefs, OCD dimensions, and depression, as well as lower quality of life at admission and discharge. Results support increased consideration of the role marginalization plays in symptom severity, symptom presentation, and treatment response across treatment settings. Further investigation is warranted to better address the multiplicative effects of holding intersecting marginalized identities and how treatment may be adapted to ameliorate these inequities. Public Policy Relevance StatementIntensive residential treatment for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders (OCRD) has proven to be efficacious for non-Latino white individuals. However, less is known about the efficacy of interventions for individuals holding one or more marginalized identities and how this may impact the experience, presentation, and response to treatment. Further research is needed on the efficacy of OCRD treatment in individuals from historically and contemporarily disadvantaged groups to improve our understanding of the evaluation, adaptation, and development of more efficacious and acceptable treatments for these individuals.

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