Ag-Doped and Antibiotic-Loaded Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanoparticles as Promising Carriers to Fight Different Pathogens

Abstract

Utilization of antibacterial components-conjugated nanoparticles (NPs) is emerging as an attractive strategy for combating various pathogens. Herein, we demonstrate that Ag/BN NPs and antibiotic-loaded BN and Ag/BN nanoconjugates are promising carriers to fight bacterial and fungal infections. Extensive biological tests included two types of Gram-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains (B8469 and MW2), two types of Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains (ATCC27853 and B1307/17), and 47 types of Escherichia coli strains (including 41 multidrug-resistant ones), as well as five types of fungal cultures: Candida albicans (candidiasis-thrush) ATCC90028 and ATCC24433, Candida parapsilosis ATCC90018, Candida auris CBS109113, and Neurospora crassa wt. We have demonstrated that, even within a single genus Escherichia, there are many hospital E. coli strains with multi-drug resistance to different antibiotics. Gentamicin-loaded BN NPs have high bactericidal activity against S. aureu s, P. aeruginosa, and 38 types of the E. coli strains. For the rest of the tested E. coli strains, the Ag nanoparticle-containing nanohybrids have shown superior bactericidal efficiency. The Ag/BN nanohybrids and amphotericin B-loaded BN and Ag/BN NPs also reveal high fungicidal activity against C. albicans, C. auris, C. parapsilosis, and N. crassa cells. In addition, based on the density functional theory calculations, the nature of antibiotic-nanoparticle interaction, the sorption capacity of the BN and Ag/BN nanohybrids for gentamicin and amphotericin B, and the most energetically favorable positions of the drug molecules relative to the carrier surface, which lead to lowest binding energies, have been determined. The obtained results clearly show high therapeutic potential of the antibiotic-loaded Ag/BN nanocarriers providing a broad bactericidal and fungicidal protection against all of the studied pathogens.

Antibiotic-Loaded Boron Nitride Nanoconjugate with Strong Performance against Planktonic Bacteria and Biofilms

“…coli planktonic cells. This is consistent with previous reports that the pure BN nanoparticles have no noticeable effect against bacteria. , Consistent with previous studies of nanoconjugates loaded with gentamycin, the effect of GPBN against S. aureus appeared to be time- and concentration-dependent. , All tested concentrations were observed to be bactericidal against S.…”

“…Therefore, it is possible that gentamicin- and PDA-modified BN nanoparticles can still prevent bacterial infection after a certain degree of drug release. It was previously reported that about 81% of non-covalently interacting antibiotics could be released on the surface of BN nanoparticles . Therefore, it can be expected that by studying the interaction form of antibiotics and BN, different release modes can be obtained to achieve drug burst release or the possibility of providing long-term protection of nanocarriers.…”

“…coli were killed by physical contact destruction when exposed to nanosheet- and nanoneedle-structured BN nanoparticle films . This BN nanoparticle exhibited high antibiotic-loading capacity, providing bactericidal protection against a variety of pathogenic strains. , BN materials are rarely used in antibacterial research. Moreover, majority of available research studies are mainly focused on examining their activity against planktonic bacteria.…”

Quaternized Polydopamine Coatings for Anchoring Molecularly Dispersed Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Silver Salts

“…On a different note, addressing the challenges associated with nosocomial infection has become one of the topmost priorities in the health sector. − Establishing efficient antimicrobial coatings over the frequently touched surfaces has been considered to be an essential strategy to combat the spread of microbial pathogenesis in hospital and crowded environment . Antibiotics and other chemical disinfectants are commonly used for this purpose; , however, this approach often leads to the incidence of drug-resistant pathogens that are more harmful. , Conventionally, it is known that silver nanoparticles and ionic silver exhibit a high antimicrobial property even at ultralow concentrations. − A recent study demonstrated that the propensity of microbial mutation is substantially less with ionic silver over silver nanoparticles and thereby highlighted the advantage of ionic silver .…”

Green synthesis of orange emissive carbon dots for the detection of Ag+ and their application via solid-phase sensing and security ink

“…According to GB5749-2006 (National hygienic standard for drinking water of China), the content of Ag + is less than 0.05 mg l −1 (0.463 μM). Long-term accumulation of Ag + may have massive influences on human health and the environment [11][12][13][14]. Therefore, it is essential for selective detection of Ag + in the environment and related pathologies in living systems.…”