Age and gender differences in the relationship between hepatitis C infection and all stages of Chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health issue with heavy economic burden. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a common cause of CKD, which can significantly impact the progression and mortality among patients with CKD. The prevalence of both illnesses is high in Taiwan. A multicentre and population-based cross-sectional study including 24 642 subjects was conducted to explore the association of HCV infection with the prevalence and severity of CKD. The measurements of metabolic parameters, eGFR and CKD stages were compared between subjects with HCV seropositivity and seronegativity. The analyses of association between HCV infection with CKD stages and evaluation of potential risk factors of CKD were performed by gender and age (≤ and >45 years). HCV-seropositive subjects accounted for 6.9% and had a significantly older age. The prevalence of CKD increased in those with HCV seropositivity (16.5%). Significantly higher prevalence of CKD stages ≥3 in HCV-seropositive subjects was noticed (7.8%). Age (>45 year), male gender, alcohol drinking, hypertension, creatinine and HCV infection were the significant factors associated with the presence of CKD. HCV seropositivity was an independent risk factor of developing CKD and associated with an increased risk of having CKD of all stages. The higher prevalence of earlier stage of CKD warrants longitudinal studies with frequent testing on renal function and sufficient duration to determine the changes of eGFR over time. Implementation of effective treatment intervention is also required for these subjects to prevent the progression of CKD to late stages.

Transfusion-Transmissible Infections among Voluntary Blood Donors at Wolaita Sodo University Teaching Referral Hospital, South Ethiopia

“…Age group ≥ 30 have a significant association with HCV which is unclear but could be explained by the fact that liver fibrosis increases with old age and in age groups 40–64 and could also be due to the highest seropositivity of HCV for individuals aged >30 [32, 33]. …”

Disease Burden, Early Discontinuation, and Healthcare Costs in Hepatitis C Patients with and without Chronic Kidney Disease Treated with Interferon-Free Direct-Acting Antiviral Regimens

“…In a study in Taiwan, 16.5% of study participants seropositive for HCV had CKD [1], while a US study found the unadjusted prevalence of HCV infection in patients receiving hemodialysis to be 14.4% [14]. Similarly, a recent study of HCV patients reported 14.4% had stage 3–5 CKD [34].…”

“…Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a known risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) [1–4]. HCV is thought to trigger an immune cascade that attacks the kidneys, resulting in glomerulonephritis, and is also associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia [5].…”

Hepatitis C Virus Infection Increases the Risk of Developing Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Eight studies (n = 788,027 unique patients; 79,450 HCVpositive and 708,577 HCV-negative patients) with crosssectional design addressed the prevalence of CKD in HCVinfected patients [18][19][20][27][28][29][30][31]. Table 2 shows some demographic and clinical parameters of subjects enrolled in the included studies.…”

“…The studies were published in 17 various articles [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] and carried out in 4 countries ( Fig. 1) (n = 2,842,421 unique patients).…”