Age and gender effects on non-suicidal self-injury, and their interplay with psychological distress

Wilkinson, Paul; Qiu, Tianyou; Jesmont, Ceit; Neufeld, Sharon; Kaur, Sahaj; Jones, Peter B.; Goodyer, Ian

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.021

Cited by 65 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The results of this study show a trend of decreasing NSSI from early to late adolescence, which has also been found in previous studies (Wilkinson et al, 2022). The increase in NSSI in early adolescence may be associated with impulsivity and strong emotional responses during this period, hormonal influences, and possible exposure to infectious NSSI behaviors among adolescent peers (Jarvi et al, 2013) (2) the use of self-reports may hinder the effective assessment of the emotional deficits that patients with alexithymia are not aware of themselves due to their lack of emotional introspection (Luca et al, 2013); (3) this study was a cross-sectional survey, and no inference of causal conclusions could be made; (4) the sample size of this study was not large enough, and the representativeness of the results may be limited; (5) the timing and frequency of NSSI occurrence were imprecise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of childhood trauma on nonsuicidal self‐injury in adolescent patients with bipolar II depression

Zhang

et al. 2022

Brain and Behavior

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Objective: This study was performed to explore the effect of childhood trauma on nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents with bipolar II (BD II) depression. Methods:Based on the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-5 and structured interviews to assess the presence or absence of NSSI, 184 adolescent patients with BD II depression were divided into the NSSI (n = 112) and non-NSSI (n = 72) groups. The Adolescent Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Assessment Questionnaire (ANSAQ), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were used to assess the subjects. Result:The CTQ-SF, HAMD, HAMA, and TAS-20 scores were significantly higher in the NSSI group than in the non-NSSI group (p < .01). Logistic regression analysis showed emotional abuse (p = .028, OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.01-1.28) and age of onset (p = .009) as risk factors for NSSI. Adolescents with onset age 12-13 years (OR = 6.30, 95% CI = 1.72-23.10) and 14-15 years (OR = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.04-4.84) had a higher risk of self-injury relative to adolescents aged 16-18 years. Conclusion:Childhood trauma and alexithymia were important influencing factors in adolescent patients with BD II depression. Emotional abuse and age of onset as risk factors for NSSI, and difficulties in emotion recognition were positively associated with the patients' NSSI.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effects of childhood trauma on nonsuicidal self‐injury in adolescent patients with bipolar II depression

Zhang

et al. 2022

Brain and Behavior

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“…This may explain why gender differences in self-harm were identified in some studies and not in others. Age may be another significant factor -self-harm was more common in females aged 16-19, but there were no significant gender differences within younger or older age groups [24]. Other authors have also highlighted different gender ratios for self-harm according to life cycle [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Gender differences in adolescent self-harming behaviour

Démuth

Démuthová

2022

ijhs

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The occurrence of self-harming behaviour as a non-adaptive coping strategy within the adolescent population is on the increase. In an effort to clarify the occurrence and characteristics of this high-risk behaviour, many experts have focused on an examination of the various variables related to the prevalence, risk, or protective factors of self-harm. Many studies have focused on gender differences; however, the results have been mixed. The study provides basic data on the incidence of self-harm in a group of male and female (N = 1699) adolescents (11-19 years, AM = 15.24). Through an analysis of the differences in prevalence, intensity, and types of self-harming behaviour, related to gender, it tries to identify the reasons for the different findings in the published literature. The results show that although the prevalence and overall intensity of self-harm is statistically higher in women, this does not apply to the most frequently studied direct physical forms of self-harm. Through its findings, the study draws attention to the need for a clear definition of self-harm as well as to the consequences of different diagnostic approaches.

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“…But there are no gender differences in the prevalence of NSSI, as reported from non-clinical samples and from studies in the United States ( 37 , 38 ). Another study showed that NSSI is more common in women aged 16–19 ( 39 ). Our research primarily focused on 12–18 years of adolescents with NSSI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing the addiction characteristics of non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors in adolescents: A case-control study

Zhu¹,

Qu²,

Zhong³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundMany studies have shown that in the context of public health emergencies, the incidence rate of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) patients increased dramatically. This paper aims to characterize the behavioral characteristics of adolescent NSSI and analyze the influencing factors of NSSI behavior addiction characteristics.MethodsOur research was a case-control study which included 84 adolescents with NSSI (female vs. male: 59 vs. 25) and 84 healthy controls (female vs. male: 53 vs. 31). All the participants enrolled were aged 12-18 years. The differences in the scores of the following five scales were compared between the case and control groups: Egna Minnen Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS); Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and Video Game Dependence Scale (VDG-S). The characteristics of NSSI behavior of the study group were evaluated using the Ottawa Self Inventory Chinese Revised Edition (OSIC). And a binary logistic regression model was developed to analyze the factors that influence adolescent NSSI behavioral addiction characteristics.ResultsIn the study group, the emotional warmth scores in the father’s and mother’s rearing style scores in the EMBU were significantly lower than the controls. The BSMAS and VDG-S scores were significantly higher than those in the control group. 38 cases of NSSI with addiction characteristics accounted for 45.24% in the study group. The risk factors for NSSI addiction traits were as follows: female, single-child, high level of VDG-S scores, high scores of excessive interferences in father’s rearing style, and high scores of punishments and excessive interferences in mother’s rearing style score.ConclusionFemale, only child, internet addiction, and negative parenting styles were predictors of NSSI behavioral addiction characteristics in adolescents. Targeted coping strategies should be developed to reduce the occurrence and development of self-injurious behavior, especially for female adolescents with Internet dependence in one-child families with negative parenting styles.

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Age and gender effects on non-suicidal self-injury, and their interplay with psychological distress

Cited by 65 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of childhood trauma on nonsuicidal self‐injury in adolescent patients with bipolar II depression

Effects of childhood trauma on nonsuicidal self‐injury in adolescent patients with bipolar II depression

Gender differences in adolescent self-harming behaviour

Factors influencing the addiction characteristics of non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors in adolescents: A case-control study

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