Age Associated Oxidative Damage in Lymphocytes

Abstract

Lymphocytes are an important immunological cell and have been played a significant role in acquired immune system; hence, may play in pivotal role in immunosenescence. Oxidative stress has been reported to increase in elderly subjects, possibly arising from an uncontrolled production of free radicals with aging and decreased antioxidant defenses. This study was aimed to evaluate the level of lipid-protein damage and antioxidant status in lymphocytes of healthy individuals to correlate between oxidative damage with the aging process. Twenty healthy individuals of each age group (11–20; 21–30; 31–40; 41–50; and 51–60 years) were selected randomly. Blood samples were drawn by medical practitioner and lymphocytes were isolated from blood samples. Malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls (PC) level were evaluated to determine the lipid and protein damage in lymphocytes. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione and glutathione dependent enzymes were estimated to evaluate the antioxidant status in the lymphocytes. Increased MDA and PC levels strongly support the increased oxidative damage in elderly subject than young subjects. The results indicated that, balance of oxidant and antioxidant systems in lymphocytes shifts in favor of accelerated oxidative damage during aging. Thus oxidative stress in lymphocytes may particular interest in aging and may play important role in immunosenescence.

Damage of DNA and proteins by major lipid peroxidation products in genome stability

“…The average MDA level was 12.35 ± 0.37 nmol/mg protein in the group of young persons (11-20 years old) and increased with age reaching the highest average value of 33.63 ± 0.42 nmol/mg protein in the group of elderly persons (51-60 years) [16].…”

Oxidative stress response and Nrf2 signaling in aging

“…There are many studies on the change of SOD activity with aging, but the results reported are inconsistent, or even contradictory. Decreases in SOD1 have been observed in various tissues or cells from old human subjects in comparison with that from young adults, including skin fibroblasts [63, 64], lymphocytes [65], skeletal muscles [66], serum [67], plasma and erythrocytes [68, 69]. Animal studies also showed an age-dependent decrease in SOD1 activity in liver [70, 71], and brain [72, 73] of old rats.…”

Trends in the Evaluation of Lipid Peroxidation Processes

“…Therefore this assay usually gives an overestimation of free radical damage [Cherubini et al, 2005]. The authors generally avoid interferences by using different methods: Kwiecieñ et al, 2002, used BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) to prevent further oxidation of the sample; deproteinisation was performed with trichloracetic acid [Cassini et al, 1986], forced the lipoperoxidation and stopped the reaction with SDS and acetic acid [Gautam et al, 2010;Ohkawa et al, 1979], added EDTA and refered the results to standards prepared from tetramethoxypropane [Houglum et al, 1990] or used the standard addition method [Sprinteroiu et al, 2010].…”