Age at menarche, total mortality and mortality from ischaemic heart disease and stroke: the Adventist Health Study, 1976-88

Jacobsen, Bjarne K.; Oda, Keiji; Knutsen, Synnøve F.; Fraser, Gary E.

doi:10.1093/ije/dyn251

Cited by 136 publications

(145 citation statements)

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“…This effect may be due to changes in the socioeconomic and demographic environment, possibly acting through changes in nutrition and exercise patterns [26]. There is evidence that younger age at menarche might lead to certain chronic diseases [8][9][10]12]. Whether this secular trend in puberty timing is really associated with adverse health implications still needs to be assessed [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age at menarche is associated with prediabetes and diabetes in women (aged 32–81 years) from the general population: the KORA F4 Study

et al. 2011

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Aims/hypothesis The aim of this study was to examine the association between age at menarche and prediabetes as well as diabetes, considering confounding factors and the possible mediating role of adult obesity.Methods This cross-sectional study analysed data on 1,503 women aged 32-81 years from the German populationbased KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg, South Germany) F4 Study (2006)(2007)(2008). Data were collected by standardised interviews, physical examinations, and whole blood and serum measurements, including administration of an OGTT in non-diabetic participants. Results Of the 1,503 women, 226 showed a prediabetic state (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance) and 140 persons had diabetes (45 participants with previously undiagnosed diabetes and 95 with known diabetes). In Poisson regression analysis, age at menarche was significantly inversely associated with prediabetes or diabetes after adjustment for year of birth (RR 0.88; 95% CI 0.82, 0.94, p<0.0001 per additional year of menarche) and after additional adjustment for a number of confounding factors (RR 0.88; 95% CI 0.83, 0.94, p00.0001). Further adjustment for current BMI slightly attenuated the association with prediabetes or diabetes (RR 0.89; 95% CI 0.83, 0.95, p00.0009), but the association remained clearly significant. Conclusions/interpretation Age at menarche seems to be inversely associated with prediabetes and diabetes independent of confounding factors including current BMI. Women at risk for diabetes might be identified by a history of young age at menarche.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Age at menarche was shown to be associated with higher BMI [4][5][6][7], cardiovascular disease [8][9][10], metabolic risk factors [4], the metabolic syndrome [11][12][13] and mortality [9,11,12]. Only a few studies have focused on the complex relationship between age at menarche and diabetes mellitus, with different results [5][6][7]14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age at menarche is associated with prediabetes and diabetes in women (aged 32–81 years) from the general population: the KORA F4 Study

et al. 2011

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“…In Japan, the mean age at menarche decreased from 13.2 years in 1961 to 12.2 years in 2011 in school‐aged girls1. Earlier‐onset menarche is reported to be associated with obesity2, 3, 4, 5, type 2 diabetes mellitus4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, cardiovascular disease4, 12, 13, 14, breast cancer15 and increased all‐cause mortality4, 13, 16, 17, 18. It is therefore possible that age at menarche can provide important information to help prevent non‐communicable diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of age at menarche on obesity and glycemic control in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: Fukuoka Diabetes Registry

Sumi

Iwase

Nakamura

et al. 2018

J of Diabetes Invest

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Aims/IntroductionA younger age at menarche is associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes in adult life. The impact of early‐onset menarche on obesity and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes has not been investigated. The present study examined the relationship between age at menarche and obesity and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsA total of 2,133 patients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥20 years were divided into groups according to age at menarche (≤11, 12, 13, 14 and ≥15 years). A retrospective cohort study examined the association of menarcheal age with adiposity and hemoglobin A1c.ResultsAge at menarche was inversely associated with body mass index (BMI) and abdominal circumference (P < 0.001). Each 1‐year decrease in age at menarche was associated with a 0.25‐kg/m2 and 0.6‐cm increase in BMI and abdominal circumference, respectively, using a multivariate‐adjusted model. Odds ratios for obesity and abdominal obesity significantly increased in participants with age at menarche ≤11 years after multivariable adjustments when age at menarche of 13 years was used as the reference (odds ratio 1.95, 95% CI 1.33–2.88, odds ratio 1.95, 95% CI 1.32–2.87, respectively). Younger age at menarche was significantly associated with higher hemoglobin A1c (P < 0.001); however, the association was not statistically significant after adjusting for BMI.ConclusionsAge at menarche of ≤11 years was associated with obesity after adjusting for confounding factors, and poor glycemic control associated with high BMI in type 2 diabetes. Age at menarche should be considered during clinical assessments.

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“…1 The timing of menarche has been reported to influence cardiovascular and metabolic health in adolescence and young adulthood, [2][3][4] but its long-term impact on vascular health in middle-age is unclear. Several studies have suggested that early menarche is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] or stroke, 7 but findings have been inconsistent. [11][12][13] Some studies have shown associations between early menarche and coronary heart disease only among nonsmokers, [9][10][11] whereas others have not adequately accounted for adult adiposity 6,7,9,12 which is known to be associated with early menarche.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have suggested that early menarche is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] or stroke, 7 but findings have been inconsistent. [11][12][13] Some studies have shown associations between early menarche and coronary heart disease only among nonsmokers, [9][10][11] whereas others have not adequately accounted for adult adiposity 6,7,9,12 which is known to be associated with early menarche. [14][15][16][17] Some suggested a nonlinear association between menarcheal age and coronary heart disease risk, 6,7 but these studies could not examine variation in risk of coronary heart disease or of other vascular diseases over a wide range of menarcheal ages because numbers of events were generally small.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age at Menarche and Risks of Coronary Heart and Other Vascular Diseases in a Large UK Cohort

et al. 2015

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Background-Early menarche has been associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but most studies were relatively small and could not assess risk across a wide range of menarcheal ages; few have examined associations with other vascular diseases. We examined CHD, cerebrovascular disease, and hypertensive disease risks by age at menarche in a large prospective study of UK women. Methods and Results-In 1.2 million women (mean±SD age, 56±5 years) without previous heart disease, stroke, or cancer, menarcheal age was reported to be 13 years by 25%, ≤10 years by 4%, and ≥17 years by 1%. After 11.6 years of follow-up, 73 378 women had first hospitalization for or death from CHD, 25 426 from cerebrovascular disease, and 249 426 from hypertensive disease. Using Cox regression, we calculated relative risks for each vascular outcome by single year of menarcheal age. The relationship was U-shaped for CHD. Compared with women with menarche at 13 years, the adjusted relative risk for CHD for menarche at ≤10 years of age was 1.27 (95% confidence interval, 1.22-1.31; P<0.0001) and for menarche at ≥17 years of age was 1.23 (95% confidence interval, 1.16-1.30; P<0.0001). U-shaped relationships were also seen for cerebrovascular and hypertensive disease, although the magnitudes of these risks for early and late menarche were smaller than those for CHD. Conclusions-In this cohort, the relation of age at menarche to vascular disease risk was U shaped, with both early and late menarche being associated with increased risk. Associations were weaker for cerebrovascular and hypertensive disease than for CHD.

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Age at menarche, total mortality and mortality from ischaemic heart disease and stroke: the Adventist Health Study, 1976-88

Abstract: The results suggest that there is a linear, inverse relationship between age at menarche and total mortality as well as with ischaemic heart disease and stroke mortality.

Cited by 136 publications

References 40 publications

Age at menarche is associated with prediabetes and diabetes in women (aged 32–81 years) from the general population: the KORA F4 Study

Age at menarche is associated with prediabetes and diabetes in women (aged 32–81 years) from the general population: the KORA F4 Study

Impact of age at menarche on obesity and glycemic control in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: Fukuoka Diabetes Registry

Age at Menarche and Risks of Coronary Heart and Other Vascular Diseases in a Large UK Cohort

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