Age changes in adult stature: trend estimation from mixed longitudinal data

Chandler, Peggy; Bock, Roger

doi:10.1080/03014469100001732

Cited by 68 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Studies on body height have found that height declines with age: this is more common in women than in males (de Groot et al, 1996;Allen, 1989). Although it is widely accepted that persons become shorter as they grow older (Chandler & Bock, 1991), this excess loss of height in females with advancing age re¯ects the existing osteoporotic condition (Gunnes et al, 1996).…”

Section: Heightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Height and body weight in the elderly. I. A 25-year longitudinal study of a population aged 70 to 95 years

et al. 1999

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Objective: To describe longitudinal changes in height and body weight between the ages of 70 and 95 y. Design: Longitudinal cohort study with representative sample of 70-y-olds. Setting: Department of Geriatric Medicine, Go Èteborg University, Sweden. Subjects: 449 males and 524 females, aged 70 y, living in Go Èteborg were examined in 1971 ± 72 and this study population participated on 11 occasions during a 25-year follow-up. Results: Mean height decreased 4 and 4.9 cm in males and females respectively and the trend was signi®cant between the ages of 70 and 95 y in both sexes. Between 70 and 75 y of age, a signi®cant difference was found between quintiles of body height where in the highest quintile height was lowered by 0.4 and 0.3 cmay, in males and females respectively, and in the lowest quintile by 0.1 cmay in both sexes. Mean body weight decreased 3.2 and 5.1 kg in males and females respectively, from age 70 to 95 y. The trend was signi®cant over 22 and 20 y for males and females, respectively. Between the ages of 70 and 80 y, individuals in highest quintile of body weight decreased at a rate of 0.8 and 0.6 kgay, three times higher than those in lowest quintile. Due to the decrease in both height and weight over time, body mass index (BMI) was less affected. Conclusion: Height, body weight and BMI decreased signi®cantly in both sexes after age 70 y, and there was a gender difference in the trend. The results can be used as reference data for Swedish elderly and might be of importance to the understanding of anthropometry with the ageing process.

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Section: Heightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Height and body weight in the elderly. I. A 25-year longitudinal study of a population aged 70 to 95 years

et al. 1999

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“…The effect of weightaheight 2 on mortality was assessed using an estimation of peak adult height 17 with little change in the nature of the associations. The effect of weightaheight 2 was also analysed after adjustment for coronary heart disease risk factors (total cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, smoking) as well as for age, without altering the relationships qualitatively, although the signi®cance levels were reduced.…”

Section: Additional Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass index and alternative indices of obesity in relation to height, triceps skinfold and subsequent mortality: the Busselton Health Study

Welborn

Knuiman

2000

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVES: The ideal index for leanness and obesity in epidemiological studies should correlate strongly with body weight and with a direct measure of fat while minimizing the in¯uence of height. The preferred index is expected to show meaningful associations with subsequent mortality. Our aims were to compare weighta aheight, weighta aheight 2 (body mass index or BMI), and weighta aheight 3 as candidates for this index. DESIGN: We analysed cross-sectional data from surveys of 6948 adults (3334 men (mean age 43 y, mean BMI 24.8 kga am 2 ), and 3614 women (mean age 42 y, mean BMI 24.3 kga am 2 )) in Busselton, Australia whose weight, height, triceps skinfold, and cardiovascular risk factors were measured from 1966 through to 1978. In these same subjects we studied the mortality risks of indices of obesity using Cox regression analysis for survival time from ®rst survey to death, or to follow up at the end of December 1995, after adjustment for age. Subjects dying within 5 y of the baseline survey were excluded from the analysis to avoid the bias of concurrent illness. We also studied subgroups including never smokers, subjects with no heart disease, and subjects`60 years of age at ®rst survey. RESULTS: In men, weighta aheight 2 met the criteria for a satisfactory index in that there was a very strong correlation with triceps skinfold, and a negligible correlation with height. For women, weighta aheight was as good a measure as weighta aheight 2 , with both having strong correlations with triceps skinfold, and minimal correlations with height. Weighta aheight 2 as a predictor of mortality in men of all ages showed the typical U-shaped associations that were similar and consistent and of variable statistical signi®cance. The signi®cances of the hazard ratio curves were the strongest for cardiovascular disease deaths (all men P 0.001; men without heart disease at baseline P`0.001; never smoking men P 0.007). In never smoking men there was a near linear positive relationship with all-cause mortality (P 0.018). In women weighta aheight 2 showed no consistent associations with mortality. There was a shallow Ushaped relationship with all-cause mortality (P 0.087), also seen in never smoking women (P 0.075). In assessing ideal' weight for height in this population, a weighta aheight 2 of 25 kga am 2 (range 22.5 ± 27.5 kga am 2 ) is appropriate. Weighta aheight and mortality showed very similar patterns in men to weighta aheight 2 with quite similar levels of statistical signi®cance. In women much more pronounced U-shaped curves were apparent in all groups and subgroups, with a signi®cant all-cause mortality trend for all women (P 0.029) and never smoking women (P 0.034). In assessing`ideal' weight for height a weighta aheight of 42.5 kga am (range 35 ± 50 kga am) appears appropriate for men and women. CONCLUSIONS: Weighta aheight 2 is an appropriate index of leanness and obesity in males at all ages, whereas weighta aheight is at least as good an index for females. In mortality studies weighta aheight 2 and weighta ahei...

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“…The dispersion is, however, greater in the present population. This is most probably due to greater inter-individual variations in loss of stature in older persons [20]. In addition, the ratio of BMIs based on arm span and height, respectively, was close to 1, but with rather great dispersion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Measuring body mass index (BMI) in nursing home residents: The usefulness of measurement of arm span

Nygaard

2008

Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care

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Age changes in adult stature: trend estimation from mixed longitudinal data

Cited by 68 publications

References 16 publications

Height and body weight in the elderly. I. A 25-year longitudinal study of a population aged 70 to 95 years

Height and body weight in the elderly. I. A 25-year longitudinal study of a population aged 70 to 95 years

Body mass index and alternative indices of obesity in relation to height, triceps skinfold and subsequent mortality: the Busselton Health Study

Measuring body mass index (BMI) in nursing home residents: The usefulness of measurement of arm span

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