AGE-DEPENDENT ALTERATIONS IN HUMAN<i>PER2</i>LEVELS AFTER EARLY MORNING BLUE LIGHT EXPOSURE

Jud, Corinne; Chappuis, Sylvie; Revell, Victoria L.; Saaltink, Dirk-Jan; Cajochen, Christian; Skene, Debra J.; Albrecht, Urs

doi:10.3109/07420520903385564

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This observation seems to stand in contrast to the findings of previous studies, which observed measurable effects of blue light on CRY1, BMAL [34], PER2 [31, 32], and PER3 [53] expression. However, of these four studies, only one examined the independent effect of morning blue light exposure, but in buccal mucosa and not peripheral blood.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Advanced sleep schedules affect circadian gene expression in young adults with delayed sleep schedules

Zhu

Hoffman

et al. 2013

Sleep Medicine

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Background Human circadian rhythms are regulated by the interplay between circadian genes and environmental stimuli. The influence of altered sleep/wake schedules or light on human circadian gene expression patterns is not well characterized. Methods Twenty-one participants were asked to keep to their usual sleep schedules and two blood samples were drawn at the end of the first week for each subject based upon estimated time of dim light melatonin onset (DLMO); the first sample was obtained one and a half hours before the estimated DLMO and the second three hours later, at one and a half hours after the estimated DLMO. During the second week, participants were randomized into two groups, one that received a one hour “blue” light (λmax = 470 nm) exposure in the morning and one that received a comparable morning “dim” light exposure. Two blood samples were obtained at the same clock times as previous week at the end of the second week. Results We measured the expression of 10 circadian genes in response to sleep/wake schedule advancement and morning “blue” light stimulation in the peripheral blood of 21 young adults during a two week field study. We found that nine of the 10 circadian genes showed significant expression changes from the first to the second week for participants in both the “blue” and “dim” light groups, likely reflecting significant advances in circadian time. Conclusions This wholesale change in circadian clock gene expression may reflect significant advances in circadian time (i.e., advance in DLMO) from the first to the second week resulting from the advanced, daily personal light exposures.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Advanced sleep schedules affect circadian gene expression in young adults with delayed sleep schedules

Zhu

Hoffman

et al. 2013

Sleep Medicine

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“…It is worth noting that our sample was slightly younger than that of previous studies showing agerelated differences in nonvisual effects of light (61 years on average in our sample v. 65.8 years [Jud et al, 2009;Sletten et al, 2009] or 68.3 years [Duffy et al, 2007]). However, such small age differences appear unlikely to fully explain the very limited effect of aging on steady-state PLR in our data compared to that of other studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…Indeed, the impact of light on the circadian phase, and therefore on circadian entrainment, seems to diminish with aging (significant impact found in Duffy et al [2007] but not in Sletten et al [2009]). Recent evidence also suggests that acute effects of light such as melatonin suppression, subjective alertness enhancement, and induction of PERIOD2 expression decrease with age for blue but not for green light (Herljevic et al, 2005;Jud et al, 2009;Sletten et al, 2009). However, age-related alterations in the impact of light on pupil light reflex (PLR) that regulates the amount of light reaching the retina remain poorly understood.…”

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confidence: 99%

Does Pupil Constriction under Blue and Green Monochromatic Light Exposure Change with Age?

et al. 2012

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Many nonvisual functions are regulated by light through a photoreceptive system involving melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells that are maximally sensitive to blue light. Several studies have suggested that the ability of light to modulate circadian entrainment and to induce acute effects on melatonin secretion, subjective alertness, and gene expression decreases during aging, particularly for blue light. This could contribute to the documented changes in sleep and circadian regulatory processes with aging. However, age-related modification in the impact of light on steady-state pupil constriction, which regulates the amount of light reaching the retina, is not demonstrated. We measured pupil size in 16 young (22.8 ± 4 years) and 14 older (61 ± 4.4 years) healthy subjects during 45-second exposures to blue (480 nm) and green (550 nm) monochromatic lights at low (7 × 1012 photons/cm2/s), medium (3 × 1013 photons/cm2/s), and high (1014 photons/cm2/s) irradiance levels. Results showed that young subjects had consistently larger pupils than older subjects for dark adaptation and during all light exposures. Steady-state pupil constriction was greater under blue than green light exposure in both age groups and increased with increasing irradiance. Surprisingly, when expressed in relation to baseline pupil size, no significant age-related differences were observed in pupil constriction. The observed reduction in pupil size in older individuals, both in darkness and during light exposure, may reduce retinal illumination and consequently affect nonvisual responses to light. The absence of a significant difference between age groups for relative steady-state pupil constriction suggests that other factors such as tonic, sympathetic control of pupil dilation, rather than light sensitivity per se, account for the observed age difference in pupil size regulation. Compared to other nonvisual functions, the light sensitivity of steady-state pupil constriction appears to remain relatively intact and is not profoundly altered by age.

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“…Rhythmic changes with a period of approximately 24 h are defined circadian (Edery 2000;Duguay and Cermakian 2009;Lemmer 2009;Mazzoccoli 2011). Circadian rhythmicity is driven by a timing clockwork composed of a central clock, located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), which responds to external lighting cues and in turn drive self-sustained clocks in all peripheral tissues via neuro-humoral circadian output pathways (Lowrey and Takahashi 2000;Hastings et al 2003;Schibler and Sassone-Corsi 2002;Dardente and Cermakian 2007;Jud et al 2009;Koch et al 2009;Schwimmer et al 2010;Erren et al 2011;Yamamura et al 2010). At a subcellular and molecular level, the central and peripheral clocks are operated by feedback loops of circadian genes, including ARNTL (BMAL1) and its paralog ARNTL2 (BMAL2), CLOCK, PERIOD (PER1-3), and CRYPTOCHROME (CRY1 and 2), with the phosphorylation activity of casein kinase I d/e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ARNTL2 and SERPINE1: potential biomarkers for tumor aggressiveness in colorectal cancer

Mazzoccoli

Pazienza

Panza

et al. 2011

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol

114

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AGE-DEPENDENT ALTERATIONS IN HUMANPER2LEVELS AFTER EARLY MORNING BLUE LIGHT EXPOSURE

Cited by 23 publications

References 31 publications

Advanced sleep schedules affect circadian gene expression in young adults with delayed sleep schedules

Advanced sleep schedules affect circadian gene expression in young adults with delayed sleep schedules

Does Pupil Constriction under Blue and Green Monochromatic Light Exposure Change with Age?

ARNTL2 and SERPINE1: potential biomarkers for tumor aggressiveness in colorectal cancer

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