Age effects on plasma cholesterol and triglyceride profiles and metabolite concentrations in dogs

Kawasumi, Koh; Kashiwado, Nanae; Okada, Yuki; Sawamura, Masaki; Sasaki, Yasuhiro; Iwazaki, Eiji; Mori, Nobuko; Yamamoto, Ichiro; Arai, Toshiro

doi:10.1186/1746-6148-10-57

Cited by 25 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The upper end of the laboratory reference range was 85 mg/dL. However, in our study, normal fasting serum triglyceride concentrations were defined as <100 mg/dL; this decision was made because geriatric populations of healthy dogs have higher mean fasting serum triglyceride concentrations, and the cutoff of 100 mg/dL more closely matches definitions of HTG used in other studies . Decreased ATIII activity was defined as <74% and increased cTnI was defined as >70 ng/L, according to reference laboratory ranges (Table ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Clinical Consequences of Hypertriglyceridemia‐Associated Proteinuria in Miniature Schnauzers

Smith

Granick

Stauthammer

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundPrimary hypertriglyceridemia is a common condition in older Miniature Schnauzers that recently has been associated with proteinuria and underlying glomerular pathology, particularly glomerular lipid thromboemboli. Consequences of glomerular disease can include hypertension, thromboembolic disease, and cardiac disease. The incidence of these sequelae in Miniature Schnauzers with hypertriglyceridemia‐associated proteinuria (HTGP) is unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate prevalence of hypertension, decreased antithrombin III activity, and cardiac disease in Miniature Schnauzers with and without HTGP.AnimalsThirty‐two Miniature Schnauzers ≥7 years old.MethodsProspective case‐control study. Data collected from dogs included a CBC, biochemistry panel, urinalysis, urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratio, urine cortisol‐to‐creatinine ratio, serum total thyroxine concentration, fasting serum triglyceride concentration, indirect blood pressure, antithrombin III activity, and serum cardiac troponin I concentration. Results from dogs with HTGP (serum triglyceride concentration ≥ 100 mg/dL and urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratio >0.5) were statistically compared to normotriglyceridemic, nonproteinuric dogs.ResultsEighteen of the 32 dogs (56%) had primary hypertriglyceridemia. Of those dogs, 8 of 18 had proteinuria. None of the HTGP dogs were azotemic or hypoalbuminemic. Serum albumin concentration, alkaline phosphatase activity, and cholesterol concentration were significantly increased in dogs with HGTP compared to those without HGTP. No increased risk of hypertension, decreased antithrombin III activity, or cardiac disease was noted. Limited data from 8 dogs with HTGP showed no development of hypoalbuminemia or azotemia over a median follow‐up period of 18 months.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceGeriatric Miniature Schnauzers with HGTP may have a good prognosis overall, and are not typically azotemic or hypoalbuminemic.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Clinical Consequences of Hypertriglyceridemia‐Associated Proteinuria in Miniature Schnauzers

Smith

Granick

Stauthammer

et al. 2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Age has been shown to correlate with an increase in LDL in a 1 study. However, 4 of the 12 aged dogs in that study were miniature schnauzers, a breed known to have a predisposition toward developing hyperlipidemia that worsens with age . In another study, male dogs >8 years of age had an approximate 6% increase in the combined LDL/VLDL fraction as compared to male dogs <8 years of age .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…However, 4 of the 12 aged dogs in that study were miniature schnauzers, a breed known to have a predisposition toward developing hyperlipidemia that worsens with age. 7,23 In another study, male dogs >8 years of age had an approximate 6% increase in the combined LDL/VLDL fraction as compared to male dogs <8 years of age. 21 In the current study, the median age of the CKD dogs was higher than the median age of the control dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Serum Lipoprotein Changes in Dogs with Renal Disease

Behling‐Kelly

2014

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundPeople with renal disease develop a dyslipidemia that contributes to progression of renal injury and development of cardiovascular disease. Lipoproteins in dogs with renal disease have not been investigated.HypothesisDogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have dyslipidemia characterized by increased lower density lipoproteins and decreased high‐density lipoproteins (HDLs). The degree of dyslipidemia is positively correlated with severity of disease, as reflected by serum creatinine concentration.AnimalsProspective study of client‐owned dogs presented to the Cornell University Hospital for Animals: 29 dogs with confirmed CKD, 5 dogs with nephrotic syndrome (NS), and 12 healthy control dogs presented for routine vaccinations, dental cleaning, or owned by students.MethodsLipoprotein electrophoresis was used to quantify relative proportions of the 3 main classes of lipoproteins in canine serum: low‐density lipoproteins (LDL), very low‐density lipoproteins (VLDL), and HDL. Serum cholesterol and creatinine concentrations; urinalysis and urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratio were measured by standard methods.ResultsDyslipidemia was consistently found in dogs with CKD and NS and was characterized by a decrease in HDL and variable increases in LDL and VLDL. Dogs with NS had a proportionately greater increase in the VLDL fraction, as compared with dogs with CKD.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceDyslipidemia similar to that documented in people with renal disease occurs in dogs with CKD, despite serum cholesterol concentrations often being within the reference interval. The contribution of altered lipoproteins to the pathogenesis of renal disease in dogs warrants additional study.

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“…This may explain the results of our study, which included predominantly young obese individuals with a mean age of four and a half years. This fact shows the importance of the study of the pathophysiology of obesity in dogs and the influence of the duration for which the animal is in the obese condition since it is known that hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia are more significant in chronically obese dogs (KAWASUMI et al, 2014). Thus, factors such as age, duration of obesity, and type of diet may contribute to the increase in the concentration of total cholesterol and triglycerides (TVARIJONAVICIUTE et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive blood evaluation in obese dogs (Canis lupus familiares)

Safadi

Falbo

Sandini

et al. 2021

AVB

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The objective of this study was to evaluate serum hematological and biochemical changes in obese young dogs clinically healthy. Twenty-six animals were selected, which were separated into two groups: thirteen with normal weight and thirteen with obesity. Exclusion criteria were used for the selection of groups, age between one and eight years, physical evaluation, blood count, and a questionnaire to investigate pre-existing pathologies (diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism, hepatic and/or renal insufficiency, congenital or acquired heart disease, locomotor problems, inflammatory and/or infectious diseases or physiological conditions such as pregnancy or lactation). 5-mL blood samples were collected from each patient by puncture of the cephalic vein in the morning after a feeding restriction of 10 hours. Hematocrit, total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, total leukocyte count, leukocyte differential count and serum albumin, total protein, globulins, ALT, ALP, HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, urea, glucose, and insulin were assessed. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in the hematological assessments. Among the biochemical tests, there were significant differences in total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and glucose (p ≤ 0.05).

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Age effects on plasma cholesterol and triglyceride profiles and metabolite concentrations in dogs

Cited by 25 publications

References 12 publications

Clinical Consequences of Hypertriglyceridemia‐Associated Proteinuria in Miniature Schnauzers

Clinical Consequences of Hypertriglyceridemia‐Associated Proteinuria in Miniature Schnauzers

Serum Lipoprotein Changes in Dogs with Renal Disease

Preventive blood evaluation in obese dogs (Canis lupus familiares)

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