Age, health and other factors associated with return to work for those engaging with a welfare-to-work initiative: a cohort study of administrative data from the UK’s Work Programme

Brown, Judith E.; Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal; Leyland, Alastair H.; McQuaid, Ronald W; Frank, John; Macdonald, Ewan

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024938

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Many qualitative studies have shown that entering paid employment is often challenging for persons with mental health problems (10,11). Some quantitative studies also have shown that persons with psychological or physical health conditions have lower likelihood of entering paid employment (12)(13)(14)(15). Less is known about the influence of having a specific chronic disease or multiple chronic diseases on entering paid employment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, multimorbidity – the occurrence of at least two chronic diseases within an individual – has been associated with a higher risk of unemployment ( 16 ). One study showed that unemployed individuals with two health conditions had a 24% decreased likelihood of entering paid employment compared to those with no health conditions ( 14 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Age is closely related to the presence of chronic diseases as well as the likelihood of entering paid employment ( 14 , 23 , 24 ). In general, older persons often encounter more barriers in the labor market than younger persons, resulting in a lower likelihood of entering paid employment ( 25 , 26 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The influence of chronic diseases and multimorbidity on entering paid employment among unemployed persons – a longitudinal register-based study

Yildiz¹,

Burdorf²,

Schuring³

2020

Scand J Work Environ Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the influence of chronic diseases and multimorbidity on entering paid employment among unemployed persons. A secondary objective was to estimate the proportion of persons not entering paid employment that can be attributed to specific chronic diseases across different age groups. Methods: Data linkage of longitudinal nationwide registries on employment status, medication use and sociodemographic characteristics was applied. Unemployed Dutch persons (N=619 968) were selected for a three-year prospective study. Cox proportional hazards analyses with hazard ratios (HR) were used to investigate the influence of six common chronic diseases on entering paid employment, stratified by age. The population attributable fraction (PAF) was calculated as the proportion of all persons who did not enter paid employment that can be attributed to a chronic disease. Results: Persons with chronic diseases were less likely to enter paid employment among all age groups. The impact of a chronic disease on maintaining unemployment at population level was largest for common mental disorders (PAF 0.20), due to a high prevalence of common mental disorders (6%), and for psychotic disorders (PAF 0.19), due to a high likelihood of not entering paid employment (HR 0.21), among persons aged 45–55 years. Multimorbidity increased with age, and the impact of having multiple chronic diseases on remaining unemployed increased especially among persons aged ≥45 years. Conclusion: Chronic diseases and multimorbidity are important factors that reduce employment chances among all age groups. Our results provide directions for policy measures to target specific age and disease groups of unemployed persons in order to improve employment opportunities.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The influence of chronic diseases and multimorbidity on entering paid employment among unemployed persons – a longitudinal register-based study

Yildiz¹,

Burdorf²,

Schuring³

2020

Scand J Work Environ Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Health issues have, therefore, received special attention with respect to interventions promoting work participation [1,[17][18][19][20]. Previous studies have indicated that health also influences outcomes of interventions that are not primarily health-related, such as in active labour market programmes [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Work Disability Contribute to Trajectories of Work Participation before and after Vocational Labour Market Training for Job Seekers?

Leinonen

Viikari‐Juntura

Räisänen

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The contribution of ill-health to labour market participation in relation to vocational training is unclear. Using nationally representative Finnish register data on 42,691 vocational labour market trainees in 2008–2010, we constructed latent trajectory groups of work participation in the open labour market three years before and after training, identifying groups called “High–High”, “High–Low”, “Low–High”, and “Low–Low”. We plotted further patterns of labour market participation within these trajectory groups and, using multinomial logistic regression, examined assignment to these groups focusing on previous work disability status. Those with compared to those without previous work disability had previous employment more often and spent less time in economic inactivity within the two trajectory groups with low pre-training levels of work participation. Having a previous work disability was associated with assignment to the “High–Low” trajectory group of work participation instead of the “High–High” comparison group. The associations of other background factors with the assignment to the different trajectory groups were relatively similar amongst those with and without previous work disability. However, some of these associations were weaker amongst the former. Along with other key background factors, previous work disability should be accounted for when assessing the effects of vocational training.

show abstract

“…Social networks have been found to be influential in job searching and eventual labour market outcomes by researchers, such as Granovetter (1973Granovetter ( , 1995, Kramarz and Skans (2014), Mowbray et al (2018) and Brown et al (2018). Lin (2001) suggested a positive influence of networks in that they allow the social capital of others to be accessed, which can be mobilised to supply job related information or more actively help in securing employment by providing references or advocating to employers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social networks, accessed and mobilised social capital and the employment status of older workers

Gayen

Raeside

McQuaid

2019

IJSSP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of social networks, and the social capital embedded in them, to secure employment if someone had become unemployed after the age of 50 years and to reveal the process of accessing and mobilising that social capital. Design/methodology/approach A case study of a Scottish labour market was undertaken which involved an interview-based survey of those who became unemployed in their early 50’s and tried to regain employment. The interview had structured and unstructured parts which allowed both quantitative and qualitative analysis to compare those who were successful in regaining work with those who were not. The uniqueness of the paper is the use of social network components while controlling for other socio-economic and demographic variables in job search of older workers. Findings Those older people who were unemployed and, returned to employment (reemployed) had a higher proportion of contacts with higher prestige jobs, their job searching methods were mainly interpersonal and the rate of finding their last job via their social networks was higher than those who remained unemployed. Both groups mobilised social capital (MSC), but those reemployed accessed higher “quality” social capital. “Strong ties”, rather than “weak ties”, were found to be important in accessing and mobilising social capital for the older workers who returned to employment. Research limitations/implications This work is limited to a local labour market and is based on a small but informative sample. However, it does show that policy is required to allow older people to enhance their social networks by strengthening the social capital embedded in the networks. The results support the use of intermediaries as bridges to help compensate for older people who have weak social networks. Besides the policy implications, the paper also has two distinct research implications. First, the use of social network component to the existing literature of older workers’ job search. Second, exploring the type and relational strength with network members to explain older workers’ reemployment. Practical implications The paper illustrates that how accessed and MSC can be measured. Social implications As populations age, this work points to an approach to support older people to re-enter employment and to include them in society. Originality/value The paper extends social network and employment literature to fill gaps on how older people require to both access and mobilise social capital. The importance of “strong ties” in the reemployment of older workers contrasts with much of the literature on younger workers where the “strength of weak ties” so far has been regarded as essential for successful job search. Measures are forwarded to reveal the relevance of social capital. The policy value of the work is in suggesting ways to facilitate older people re-enter or remain in work and hence sustain their well-being.

show abstract

Age, health and other factors associated with return to work for those engaging with a welfare-to-work initiative: a cohort study of administrative data from the UK’s Work Programme

Cited by 10 publications

References 45 publications

The influence of chronic diseases and multimorbidity on entering paid employment among unemployed persons – a longitudinal register-based study

The influence of chronic diseases and multimorbidity on entering paid employment among unemployed persons – a longitudinal register-based study

Does Work Disability Contribute to Trajectories of Work Participation before and after Vocational Labour Market Training for Job Seekers?

Social networks, accessed and mobilised social capital and the employment status of older workers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About