Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: the effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases

Kalyani, Rita R.; Corriere, Mark D.; Ferrucci, Luigi

doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(14)70034-8

Cited by 861 publications

(706 citation statements)

References 139 publications

(152 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, data supporting improvements in weight loss treatment of obese older adults are limited (Mathus-Vliegen 2012). Studies on rodents showed that muscle mass repair mechanisms, such as activation of a quiescent population of myogenic cells, is dysfunctional in older individuals (Kalyani et al 2014;Tidball 2011). It has been suggested that defects in repair mechanisms are related to the tendency of ageing satellite cells to achieve an Badipocytic^phenotype (Kalyani et al 2014).…”

Section: Lean Mass Decreasementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and related consequences to ageing

Jura

Kozak

2016

AGE

344

203

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Obesity has become a major public health problem. Given the current increase in life expectancy, the prevalence of obesity also raises steadily among older age groups. The increase in life expectancy is often accompanied with additional years of susceptibility to chronic ill health associated with obesity in the elderly. Both obesity and ageing are conditions leading to serious health problems and increased risk for disease and death. Ageing is associated with an increase in abdominal obesity, a major contributor to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. Obesity in the elderly is thus a serious concern and comprehension of the key mechanisms of ageing and age-related diseases has become a necessary matter. Here, we aimed to identify similarities underlying mechanisms related to both obesity and ageing. We bring together evidence that age-related changes in body fat distribution and metabolism might be key factors of a vicious cycle that can accelerate the ageing process and onset of age-related diseases.

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Section: Lean Mass Decreasementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and related consequences to ageing

Jura

Kozak

2016

AGE

344

203

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“…In young individuals, excess weight is associated with increased muscle mass and strength, probably due to musculoskeletal adaptations due to increased overload 19 . The aging process, however, compromises this adaptive mechanism, so that excess adiposity leads to a decrease in muscle strength and increases the risk of physical disability in this population 20 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muscle fat infiltration may also mediate this relationship 20 . Actually, it was previously observed that the performance of elderly women in the sit-up test had a negative correlation with BMI and also with other body fat indexes 4 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associação entre obesidade, risco de quedas e medo de cair em mulheres idosas

Neri

Gadelha

Correia

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Cineantropom. Desempenho Hum.

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-The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between obesity, risk of falls and fear of falling in older women. Two hundred and twenty-six volunteers (68.05 ± 6.22 years, 68.06 ± 11.79 kg, 1.56 ± 0.06 m) were classified as normal weight, overweight or obese, according to the body mass index. Risk of falls and fear of falling were evaluated using QuickScreen Clinical Falls Risk Assessment and Falls Efficiency Scale -International (FES-I), respectively. Comparisons between groups were conducted using Chi-square and ANOVA One-way tests. The significance level was set at p< 0.05. Obesity was associated with greater probability of falls (p< 0.001), which may be partly explained by decreased muscle strength (p< 0.001) and reaction time (p< 0.001). In addition, significant differences between groups was observed in FES-I score (p< 0.01), with obese women showing more pronounced fear of falling (30.10 ± 8.4) than normal weigh (25. 33 ± 7.11, p< 0.01) and overweight subjects (26.97 ± 7.05, p< 0.05). These findings corroborate previous evidence pointing obesity as a major risk factor for falls. Therefore, health professionals dealing with fall prevention should consider the effects of overweight.Key words: Accidental falls; Aging; Obesity. (68,05 ± 6,22 anos; 68,06 ± 11,79 kg; 1,56 ± 0,06 m) (30,10 ± 8,4) que as eutróficas (25,33 ± 7,11; p< 0,01) e as sobrepesadas (26,97 ± 7,05; p< 0,05 Resumo -O objetivo deste estudo transversal foi verificar a associação entre obesidade, risco de quedas e medo de cair em mulheres idosas. Duzentas e vinte e seis voluntárias

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“…Factors relating to skeletal muscle mass and strength changes include the loss of motor units innervating muscle, age-related hormone changes, muscle hypoxia resulting from atherosclerosis and chronic proinflammatory status, decreased physical activity and protein intake, age-related insulin resistance, and mitochondrial dysfunction [23]. Aging leads to a preferential reduction of type II myofiber size.…”

Section: Aging Promotes Sarcopenia and Frailtymentioning

confidence: 99%

From Sarcopenia to Frailty: The Pathophysiological Basis and Potential Target Molecules of Intervention

Yu¹,

Ruan²,

Greco³

2017

Frailty and Sarcopenia - Onset, Development and Clinical Challenges

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Skeletal muscle is not only an endocrine organ but also one of core components of muscloskeletal system. Sarcopenia refers to a decline in the skeletal muscle mass and function. The former involves the size and number of changes in two types of myofibers, lower satellite cell density, and regeneration ability. The latter shows a loss of muscle strength. Frailty is a geriatric syndrome with multisystem impairment associated with increased vulnerability to stressors. Sarcopenia increases the risk of frailty and may be one of the major causes of physical frailty phenotype. Sarcopenia is also potentially associated with cognitive frailty phenotype. Aging might be the common underlying pathophysiology of sarcopenia and frailty. Therefore, there are some potential target molecules in aging-related signaling pathways that might be associated with sarcopenia and frailty. Nevertheless, sarcopenia can mediate metabolism and promote accelerate systemic aging, frailty, and age-related diseases by myokines in an endocrine manner. Lifestyle interventions (resistance exercise and dietary restriction) of gerontoscience are effective in the prevention of sarcopenia. Some pharmacological agents are registered in different phases of clinical trials for sarcopenia intervention. Phytochemicals, mTOR inhibitors, metformin and acarbose, NAD precursors, and sirtuin activators demonstrated that multiple target antiaging effects might also have preventive and therapeutic perspectives on sarcopenia and frailty.

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Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: the effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases

Cited by 861 publications

References 139 publications

Obesity and related consequences to ageing

Obesity and related consequences to ageing

Associação entre obesidade, risco de quedas e medo de cair em mulheres idosas

From Sarcopenia to Frailty: The Pathophysiological Basis and Potential Target Molecules of Intervention

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