Age-Related Differences in Recovery from Simulated Jet Lag

Moline, Margaret; Pollak, Charles P.; Monk, Timothy H.; Lester, L S; Wagner, Daniel R.; Zendell, Steven M.; Graeber, R. Curtis; Salter, Charles A.; Hirsch, Édouard

doi:10.1093/sleep/15.1.28

Cited by 99 publications

(43 citation statements)

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“…1981;Koller 1983;Moline et al 1992) and derive less benefit from circadian therapeutic manipulations (Campbell 1995). In the present study, it is possible that increased morningness is a result of changes in work and/or domestic requirements (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Sleep and morningness‐eveningness in the ‘middle’ years of life (20–59y)

Carrier

Monk

Buysse

et al. 1997

Journal of Sleep Research

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259

128

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SUMMARYThe following four issues were assessed in a group of 110 adults between the age of 20 and 59y: (1) the effect of age (regarded as a continuous variable) on polysomnographic sleep characteristics, habitual sleep-diary patterns, and subjective sleep quality; (2) the effects of age on morningnessseveningness; (3) the effects of morningness-eveningness on sleep, after controlling for the effects of age; and (4) the role of morningness eveningness as a mediator of the age and sleep relationship.Increasing age was related to earlier habitual waketime, earlier bedtime, less time in bed and better mood and alertness at waketime. In the laboratory, increasing age was associated with less time asleep, increased number of awakenings, decreased sleep efficiency, lower percentages of slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, higher percentages of Stage 1 and 2, shorter REM latency and reduced REM activity and density. Increasing age was also associated with higher morningness scores. After controlling for the effects of age, morningness was associated with earlier waketime, earlier bedtime, less time in bed, better alertness at waketime, less time spent asleep, more wake in the last 2 h of sleep, decreased REM activity, less stage REM (min and percentage), more Stage 1 (min and percentage) and fewer minutes of Stage 2. For one set of variables (night time in bed, waketime, total sleep time, wake in the last 2 h of sleep and minutes of REM and REM activity), morningness-eveningness accounted for about half of the relationship between age and sleep. For another set of variables (bedtime, alertness at waketime, percentages of REM and Stage l), morningnessseveningness accounted for the entire relationship between age and sleep. In conclusion, age and morningness were both important predictors of the habitual sleep patterns and polysomnographic sleep characteristics of people in the middle years of life (20-59 y).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Sleep and morningness‐eveningness in the ‘middle’ years of life (20–59y)

Carrier

Monk

Buysse

et al. 1997

Journal of Sleep Research

Self Cite

259

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…14 15 Laboratory studies and theoretical considerations also suggest that older subjects and those whose habits are more rigid, or who are less able to ignore feelings of fatigue, may be at a disadvantage. [16][17][18] In addition, if the body clock were to adjust from United Kingdom to Australian local time by an advance of the circadian system (+10 hours), the advantage would be with the "morning type" or "lark". [19][20][21] In practice, however, the position would be more complex if it depended on some aspects of the flight itself (time of departure from the United Kingdom and arrival in Australia), the subject's experience of such a journey, and activities once in Australia.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identifying some determinants of “jet lag” and its symptoms: a study of athletes and other travellers

et al. 2002

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Background: Travelling across multiple time zones disrupts normal circadian rhythms and induces “jet lag”. Possible effects of this on training and performance in athletes were concerns before the Sydney Olympic Games.Objective: To identify some determinants of jet lag and its symptoms.Methods: A mixture of athletes, their coaches, and academics attending a conference (n = 85) was studied during their flights from the United Kingdom to Australia (two flights with a one hour stopover in Singapore), and for the first six days in Australia. Subjects differed in age, sex, chronotype, flexibility of sleeping habits, feelings of languor, fitness, time of arrival in Australia, and whether or not they had previous experience of travel to Australia. These variables and whether the body clock adjusted to new local time by phase advance or delay were tested as predictors for jet lag and some of its symptoms by stepwise multiple regression analyses.Results: The amount of sleep in the first flight was significantly greater in those who had left the United Kingdom in the evening than the morning (medians of 5.5 hours and 1.5 hours respectively; p = 0.0002, Mann-Whitney), whereas there was no significant difference on the second flight (2.5 hoursv2.8 hours; p = 0.72). Only the severity of jet lag and assessments of sleep and fatigue were commonly predicted significantly (p<0.05) by regression analysis, and then by only some of the variables. Thus increasing age and a later time of arrival in Australia were associated with less jet lag and fatigue, and previous experience of travel to Australia was associated with an earlier time of getting to sleep. Subjects who had adjusted by phase advance suffered worse jet lag during the 5th and 6th days in Australia.Conclusions: These results indicate the importance of an appropriate choice of itinerary and lifestyle for reducing the negative effects of jet lag in athletes and others who wish to perform optimally in the new time zone.

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“…Older adults may have more difficulty with circadian realignment than younger people. 32 Typically, symptoms of jet lag subside within a few days but may persist for a few weeks in some travelers. The speed of this resynchronization is somewhat faster with westbound travel (1.0 hour per day) compared with eastbound travel (1.5 hours per day).…”

Section: Key Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Rhythm Abnormalities

Zee

Attarian²,

Videnović³

2013

CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology

129

139

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Purpose: This article reviews the recent advances in understanding of the fundamental properties of circadian rhythms and discusses the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSDs). Recent Findings: Recent evidence strongly points to the ubiquitous influence of circadian timing in nearly all physiologic functions. Thus, in addition to the prominent sleep and wake disturbances, circadian rhythm disorders are associated with cognitive impairment, mood disturbances, and increased risk of cardiometabolic disorders. The recent availability of biomarkers of circadian timing in clinical practice has improved our ability to identify and treat these CRSDs. Summary: Circadian rhythms are endogenous rhythms with a periodicity of approximately 24 hours. These rhythms are synchronized to the physical environment by social and work schedules by various photic and nonphotic stimuli. CRSDs result from a misalignment between the timing of the circadian rhythm and the external environment (eg, jet lag and shift work) or a dysfunction of the circadian clock or its afferent and efferent pathways (eg, delayed sleep-phase, advanced sleep-phase, nonY24-hour, and irregular sleep-wake rhythm disorders). The most common symptoms of these disorders are difficulties with sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance and excessive sleepiness that are associated with impaired social and occupational functioning. Effective treatment for most of the CRSDs requires a multimodal approach to accelerate circadian realignment with timed exposure to light, avoidance of bright light at inappropriate times, and adherence to scheduled sleep and wake times. In addition, pharmacologic agents are recommended for some of the CRSDs. For delayed sleep-phase, nonY24-hour, and shift work disorders, timed low-dose melatonin can help advance or entrain circadian rhythms; and for shift work disorder, wakeenhancing agents such as caffeine, modafinil, and armodafinil are options for the management of excessive sleepiness.

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Age-Related Differences in Recovery from Simulated Jet Lag

Cited by 99 publications

References 0 publications

Sleep and morningness‐eveningness in the ‘middle’ years of life (20–59y)

Sleep and morningness‐eveningness in the ‘middle’ years of life (20–59y)

Identifying some determinants of “jet lag” and its symptoms: a study of athletes and other travellers

Circadian Rhythm Abnormalities

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