Age-related variation of follicle-stimulating hormone-stimulated cAMP production, protein kinase C activity and their interactions in the rat testis

Eskola, Vesa; Nikula, Hannu; Huhtaniemi, Ilpo

doi:10.1016/0303-7207(93)90117-3

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The 14.5-dpc control testes cultured for 3 days responded to FSH, which agrees with previous data showing that FSH receptors are present and functional in Sertoli cells as soon as fetal day 15.5 [42,43]. The FSHinduced cAMP production gradually increased with older explants, which agrees with previous findings [44]. RA decreased the acute FSH-induced cAMP production, with a greater intensity in older explants, where the response to FSH was greater.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Multiple Effects of Retinoids on the Development of Sertoli, Germ, and Leydig Cells of Fetal and Neonatal Rat Testis in Culture1

Livera

Rouiller-Fabre

Durand

et al. 2000

Biology of Reproduction

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We investigated the effect of retinoids on the development of Sertoli, germ, and Leydig cells using 3-day culture of testes from fetuses 14.5 and 18.5 days post-conception (dpc) and from neonates 3 days postpartum (dpp). Addition of 10(-6) M and 3.10(-8) M retinoic acid (RA) caused a dose-dependent disruption of the seminiferous cords in 14.5-day-old fetal testes, without any change in the 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling index of the Sertoli cells. RA caused no disorganization of older testes, but it did cause hyperplasia of the Sertoli cells in 3-dpp testes. Fragmentation of the Sertoli cell DNA was not detected in control or RA-treated testes at any age studied. The cAMP produced in response to FSH was significantly decreased in RA-treated testes for all studied ages. Both 10(-6) M and 3.10(-8) M RA dramatically reduced the number of gonocytes per 14.5-dpc testis. This resulted from a high increase in apoptosis, which greatly exceeded the slight increase of mitosis. RA caused no change in the number of gonocytes in testes explanted on 18.5 dpc (the quiescent period), whereas it increased this number in testes explanted on 3 dpp (i.e., when gonocyte mitosis and apoptosis resume). Lastly, RA and retinol (RE) reduced both basal and acute LH-stimulated testosterone secretion by 14.5-dpc testis explants, without change in the number of 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-positive cells per testis. Retinoids had no effect on basal or LH-stimulated testosterone production by older testes. In conclusion, RE and RA are potential regulators of the development of the testis and act mainly negatively during fetal life and positively during the neonatal period on the parameters we have studied.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Multiple Effects of Retinoids on the Development of Sertoli, Germ, and Leydig Cells of Fetal and Neonatal Rat Testis in Culture1

Livera

Rouiller-Fabre

Durand

et al. 2000

Biology of Reproduction

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“…Expression of PKC e, as assessed by immuno-and pineal (12, 18-20, 25, 51-54)] exhibit marked changes in PKC expression during development, suggesting that PKC histochemistry, was much greater in adult pituitaries than in neonates ( Fig. 3), also confirming the results of Western is needed to mediate specific ontogenic functions (17,(19)(20)(21)(22). However, despite evidence that PKC influences pituitary analysis.…”

Section: Immunohistochemistry Western Blot Analysis Of Pituitariessupporting

confidence: 52%

“…However, the PKC isotypes responsible for cellspecific activation in the mature pituitary are not known. organs (4,5,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). Therefore, defining the PKC isotype(s) expressed by a tissue at key stages of development is a Moreover, although pituitary hormone secretion undergoes marked changes during perinatal mammalian development prerequisite for understanding the role of PKC in that tissue (23).…”

Section: Protein Kinase C (Pkc ) Is a Pivotal Enzyme For Signalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pituitary Expression of Protein Kinase C Isotypes During Early Development

Korytko

Fields

Allshouse

et al. 1998

J Neuroendocrinology

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Protein kinase C (PKC) is a critical regulator of signal transduction and cell function in many tissues, including pituitary. Although PKC influences pituitary hormone secretion in adults, its role in determining characteristic perinatal patterns of hormone secretion and synthesis is not known, and the expression of major PKC isotypes in perinatal pituitary is poorly defined. We therefore determined the developmental, cell-specific expression of the major PKC isotypes, using Western analysis and double label immunohistochemistry, in pituitaries of perinatal and mature rats. Expression of specific PKC isotypes was strikingly age-dependent. Pituitary expression of PKC alpha was particularly high in neonates and declined significantly with age, with levels in adult rats approximately half those of neonates as assessed by Western analysis. Similarly, immunohistochemistry indicated that PKC alpha was less abundant in adult than in neonatal pituitaries; the most intensely staining cells of both age groups were identified as somatotrophs and gonadotrophs. In contrast to PKC alpha, pituitary expression of PKC epsilon increased approximately two-fold with advancing age as assessed by Western analysis; this age-dependent pattern was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Perinatal pituitaries expressed PKC epsilon in some somatotrophs and in all gonadotrophs, whereas PKC epsilon expression was limited to gonadotrophs in the mature pituitary. Pituitary expression of PKC betaII, delta, and zeta did not differ with age, and PKC gamma was not detected in pituitaries of any age group. These results indicate that expression of PKC isotypes within the pituitary is developmentally regulated in a cell-specific and isotype-specific manner, and are consistent with the concept that PKC contributes to the regulation of pituitary function during early development.

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“…FSH stimulation of cAMP production in rat testes was reported to start at embryonic day 19 and reach a maximum (23-fold) on day 10 postpartum, followed by a rapid decline, remaining constant thereafter (34). Interestingly, we have demonstrated that RAR␣ mRNA expression in the developing rat testis does not appear to reach a maximum until 10 days of age (30) and that the protein is not translocated into the nucleus of Sertoli cells until 20 days of age (35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Follicle-stimulating Hormone Inhibits All-trans-retinoic Acid-induced Retinoic Acid Receptor α Nuclear Localization and Transcriptional Activation in Mouse Sertoli Cell Lines

Braun

Tribley

Griswold

et al. 2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The regulation of retinoic acid receptor alpha (RAR␣) signal transduction has not been well characterized. In this study, we determined whether all-trans-retinoic acid (tRA) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) modulate RAR␣ receptor subcellular localization, leading to changes in its transcriptional activity and protein expression in mouse Sertoli cell lines. We found that tRA induced the nuclear localization of RAR␣ within 30 min and that longer term exposure increased the receptor transcriptional activity and RAR␣ protein expression. Conversely, FSH suppressed the tRA-induced nuclear localization, transcriptional transactivation, and protein expression of RAR␣. Treatment with two different protein kinase A-selective antagonists reversed the inhibitory actions of FSH on tRA-dependent RAR␣ nuclear localization and transcriptional activity. These results are consistent with the involvement of protein kinase A in mediating the inhibitory effects of FSH. For the first time, we demonstrate a unique signaling convergence between the RAR␣ and the FSH-mediated signaling pathways, which may have significant implications in the testis because both are critical regulators of testis physiology.Vitamin A is required for various fundamental physiological processes including vertebrate development, cellular differentiation, vision, and reproduction (1, 2). The biologically active form of vitamin A is retinoic acid, which includes all-transretinoic acid (tRA) 1 and 9-cis-retinoic acid (3). The biological response of retinoic acid is mediated through two families of nuclear receptors, the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and the retinoid X receptors, each of which consists of three receptor subtypes, ␣, ␤, and ␥ (4). Retinoid receptors are transcription factors that regulate the transcription of retinoic acid-responsive genes.Retinoid receptors belong to the larger superfamily of steroid/thyroid hormone receptors. Several members of this superfamily including the progesterone, the glucocorticoid, the estradiol, and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors are regulated at the level of nuclear trafficking (5-9). It was demonstrated that activation of cellular kinases increased the nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of these receptors (8, 9). However, little is known about the regulation of RAR␣ subcellular localization and how this may affect its subsequent transcriptional activity. Previously, Tahayato et al. (10) reported that down-regulation of protein kinase C decreased RAR␣ nuclear localization and subsequent retinoic acid response element (RARE)-dependent transcriptional activity. In addition, although the regulation of nuclear trafficking was not examined, cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) has been shown to decrease the transcriptional activity of RAR␣ and to inhibit the tRA-induced expression of all three retinoic acid receptor mRNAs in PC12, B16 melanoma, and F9 teratocarcinoma cells (11-13). In contrast, other reports indicate that the phosphorylation of RAR␣ on serine 369 by an overexpresse...

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Age-related variation of follicle-stimulating hormone-stimulated cAMP production, protein kinase C activity and their interactions in the rat testis

Cited by 24 publications

References 38 publications

Multiple Effects of Retinoids on the Development of Sertoli, Germ, and Leydig Cells of Fetal and Neonatal Rat Testis in Culture1

Multiple Effects of Retinoids on the Development of Sertoli, Germ, and Leydig Cells of Fetal and Neonatal Rat Testis in Culture1

Pituitary Expression of Protein Kinase C Isotypes During Early Development

Follicle-stimulating Hormone Inhibits All-trans-retinoic Acid-induced Retinoic Acid Receptor α Nuclear Localization and Transcriptional Activation in Mouse Sertoli Cell Lines

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