Aggregates, averages, and behavioral plasticity

Dickemann, Mildred

doi:10.1017/s0140525x00024055

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Some theorists (Leonard, 1989) even question the evolutionary validity of some of the predictions made from evolutionary biology by psychological evolutionists. Others challenge universalized predictions that are evolutionally relevant but portray organisms as disembodied from variant ecological conditions under which they live that present quite different selection pressures (Dickemann, 1989; Smuts, 1989). Variations in ecologically selective forces promote different adaptational patterns of behavior.…”

Section: Theoretical Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methods and data used by psychological evolutionists to link ancestral gender differentiation to current gendered preferences, attributes, and roles have also come under fire. The research relies mainly on survey studies using rating scales (Caporael, 1989; Dickemann, 1989) without the type of detailed analysis of genetic make-up and genetic transmission mechanisms conducted in the evolutionary tradition (Clutton-Brock, Guinness, & Albon, 1982). It is surprising to note that mating behavior is rarely measured.…”

Section: Theoretical Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Social cognitive theory of gender development and differentiation.

Bussey¹,

Bandura²

1999

Psychological Review

1,719

1,512

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Human differentiation on the basis of gender is a fundamental phenomenon that affects virtually every aspect of people's daily lives. This article presents the social cognitive theory of gender role development and functioning. It specifies how gender conceptions are constructed from the complex mix of experiences and how they operate in concert with motivational and self-regulatory mechanisms to guide gender-linked conduct throughout the life course. The theory integrates psychological and sociostructural determinants within a unified conceptual structure. In this theoretical perspective, gender conceptions and roles are the product of a broad network of social influences operating interdependently in a variety of societal subsystems. Human evolution provides bodily structures and biological potentialities that permit a range of possibilities rather than dictate a fixed type of gender differentiation. People contribute to their self-development and bring about social changes that define and structure gender relationships through their agentic actions within the interrelated systems of influence.

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Section: Theoretical Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social cognitive theory of gender development and differentiation.

Bussey¹,

Bandura²

1999

Psychological Review

1,719

1,512

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The literature on mate preferences has often been criticized on the grounds that its findings are based on paradigms in which participants list their ideal mate preferences or examine vignettes and photographs of strangers (e.g., Dickermann, 1989 ; Eastwick and Finkel, 2008 ). Such methods, it has been argued, may not reveal preferences that occur in real relationships.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Relationship Regret: The Role of Perceived Mate Characteristics

et al. 2012

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Abstract:The current set of studies examined regret involving action and inaction in the realm of romantic relationships by testing whether such regret is associated with the characteristics of one's mate. In study 1, 394 participants reported on a previous casual sexual encounter, and in study 2, 358 participants reported on a previous romantic relationship. In both, instances of actual engagement and instances of passing up opportunities were studied. Study 3 was experimental and elicited reactions to hypothetical scenarios from 201 participants. Regret reported by men in both study 1 and study 2 varied as a function of the perceived attractiveness of the participants' actual and potential mate. Regret reported by women in study 2 varied as a function of the perceived stinginess of the participant's mate and perceived wealth of the participants' potential mate. Study 3 found that sex differences in type of regret (with men regretting inaction more than women) occurred only when the mate presented in the scenario was described in ways consistent with mate preferences. Together these findings suggest that regret differs between the sexes in ways consistent with sex differences in mate preferences.

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“…Wilson, 1993). Diamond and Bellwood (2003) reviewed extensive documentation of the thesis that the ready availability of domesticable plants and animals in areas within Eurasia, following warming of the climate, appears to have led to food surpluses, perhaps as early as 5000 B.C. The influence of food surpluses on economic, and hence social, conditions was likely extraordinary.…”

Section: Cultural Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In sum, there is no theoretical reason to think that any particular cultural system represents optimal adaptation for its members. Cultural groups have tended to develop different practices, both because of different opportunities and because of different limitations provided by their ecologies (Cohen, 2001; Diamond & Bellwood, 2003; Forde, 1934). Cultural practices that result from domination of a group by another culture are not designed for the adaptation of the group's members (Durham, 1991).…”

Section: Application To Psychopathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of an Emerging Integration of Universal and Culturally Specific Psychologies

Smith

Spillane

Annus

2006

Perspect Psychol Sci

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Psychological researchers increasingly recognize that human behavior reflects a complex interplay of universal human capacities, cultural responses to unique histories and circumstances, and individual differences. Many psychological processes appear to reflect culturally specific instantiations of universal capacities. Current integrative research focuses on further clarifying definitions of universality and on refining methods for identifying universal and cultural components of psychological processes. In this article, we consider implications of this emerging integration. To illustrate possible implications for psychology, we apply it to the study of psychopathology. We report on formal models that explain why some cultures embrace dysfunction among members. We then use the integrative framework to describe methods for determining whether putative disorders bring universal or contextual life dysfunction and to clarify etiological models of three disorders. Models of psychopathology can be more informed and precise if they include careful consideration of both universal and cultural influences on behavior.

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Aggregates, averages, and behavioral plasticity

Cited by 4 publications

References 80 publications

Social cognitive theory of gender development and differentiation.

Social cognitive theory of gender development and differentiation.

Sex Differences in Relationship Regret: The Role of Perceived Mate Characteristics

Implications of an Emerging Integration of Universal and Culturally Specific Psychologies

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