Aggregation and analysis of volatile organic compound emissions for regional modeling

Middleton, Paulette; Stockwell, William R.; Carter, William

doi:10.1016/0960-1686(90)90077-z

Cited by 242 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The regional scale includes locations where NO x concentrations are lower and where the reactivity of more slowly reacting organic compounds is more important than in urban areas. One widely used example is the Regional Atmospheric Chemical Mechanism, version 1 (RACM1), the Regional Atmospheric Chemical Mechanism, version 2 (RACM2) and their predecessors aggregate organic compounds by molecule [21,27,31,32]. RACM2 currently has a total of 118 model chemical species with a total of 356 reactions.…”

Section: Aggregated Chemical Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Tropospheric Atmospheric Chemistry and Gas-Phase Chemical Mechanisms for Air Quality Modeling

et al. 2011

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Gas-phase chemical mechanisms are vital components of prognostic air quality models. The mechanisms are incorporated into modules that are used to calculate the chemical sources and sinks of ozone and the precursors of particulates. Fifty years ago essential atmospheric chemical processes, such as the importance of the hydroxyl radical, were unknown and crude air quality models incorporated only a few parameterized reactions obtained by fitting observations. Over the years, chemical mechanisms for air quality modeling improved and became more detailed as more experimental data and more powerful computers became available. However it will not be possible to incorporate a detailed treatment of the chemistry for all known chemical constituents because there are thousands of organic compounds emitted into the atmosphere. Some simplified method of treating atmospheric organic chemistry is required to make air quality modeling computationally possible. The majority of the significant differences between air quality mechanisms are due to the differing methods of treating this organic chemistry. The purpose of this review is to present an overview of atmospheric chemistry that is incorporated into air quality mechanisms and to suggest areas in which more research is needed.

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Section: Aggregated Chemical Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Tropospheric Atmospheric Chemistry and Gas-Phase Chemical Mechanisms for Air Quality Modeling

et al. 2011

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“…Emissions for road transport are based on real fluxes, measured average speed and COPERT III emission factors, following a ''bottom-up approach'' (Monteiro et al, 2007). The NMVOC speciation into appropriate classes for the chemical mechanism is carried out according to a standard methodology (Middleton et al, 1990). The PM emissions are partitioned into three size bins: PM2.5, particles between PM2.5 and PM10 and particles larger than PM10.…”

Section: Air Quality Modelling Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-driven changes in air quality over Europe by the end of the 21st century, with special reference to Portugal

Carvalho

Monteiro

Solman³

et al. 2010

Environmental Science & Policy

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“…These emissions are scaled to hourly emissions applying temporal profiles provided by IER (Friedrich, 1997) as described by Schmidt et al (2001). VOC emissions are distributed into 11 model classes following the mass and reactivity weighting procedure proposed by Middleton et al (1990): 9 classes are considered for anthropogenic species (n-C 4 H 10 , C 2 H 6 , o-xylene, C 2 H 4 , C 3 H 6 , methylethylketone (MEK), CH 3 OH, HCHO and CH 3 CHO) and 2 classes for biogenic species (isoprene, terpenes). The biogenic emissions of isoprene, terpenes (represented only by α-pinene) and NO are calculated on-line following the Simpson et al (1999) and Stohl et al (1996) methodologies, respectively.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SCIAMACHY formaldehyde observations: constraint for isoprene emission estimates over Europe?

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Formaldehyde (HCHO) is an important intermediate compound in the degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the troposphere. Sources of HCHO are largely dominated by its secondary production from VOC oxidation, methane and isoprene being the main precursors in unpolluted areas. As a result of the moderate lifetime of HCHO, its spatial distribution is determined by reactive hydrocarbon emissions. We focus here on Europe and investigate the influence of the different emissions on HCHO tropospheric columns with the CHIMERE chemical transport model in order to interpret the comparisons between SCIA-MACHY and simulated HCHO columns. Europe was never specifically studied before for these purposes using satellite observations. The bias between measurements and model is less than 20% on average. The differences are discussed according to the errors on the model and the observations and remaining discrepancies are attributed to a misrepresentation of biogenic emissions. This study requires the characterisation of: (1) the model errors and performances concerning formaldehyde. The errors on the HCHO columns, mainly related to chemistry and mixed emission types, are evaluated to 2×10 15 molecule/cm 2 and the model performances evaluated using surface measurements are satisfactory (∼13%); (2) the observation errors that define the needs in spatial and temporal averaging for meaningful comparisons. Using SCIAMACHY observations as constraint for biogenic isoprene emissions in an inverse modelling scheme reduces their uncertainties by about a factor of two in region of intense emissions. The retrieved correction factors for the isoprene emissions range from a factor of 0.15 (North Africa) to a factor of 2 (Poland, the United Kingdom) depending on the regions.

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Aggregation and analysis of volatile organic compound emissions for regional modeling

Cited by 242 publications

References 10 publications

A Review of Tropospheric Atmospheric Chemistry and Gas-Phase Chemical Mechanisms for Air Quality Modeling

A Review of Tropospheric Atmospheric Chemistry and Gas-Phase Chemical Mechanisms for Air Quality Modeling

Climate-driven changes in air quality over Europe by the end of the 21st century, with special reference to Portugal

SCIAMACHY formaldehyde observations: constraint for isoprene emission estimates over Europe?

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