Aggregation of Individual Trees and Patches in Forest Succession Models: Capturing Variability with Height Structured, Random, Spatial Distributions

Lischke, Heike; Löffler, Thomas J.; Fischlin, Andreas

doi:10.1006/tpbi.1998.1378

Cited by 59 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…DiscForM (Lischke et al, 1998), are similar for the two genera. On the other hand, Fassl (1996) found marked differences in temperature limits between deciduous oak and Corylus avellana L. in Europe and Asia, showing a slightly greater tolerance of Quercus robur L. for cold winters.…”

Section: The Possible Role Of Climatesupporting

confidence: 50%

The expansion of hazel (Corylus avellana L.) in the southern Alps: a key for understanding its early Holocene history in Europe?

Finsinger

Tinner

Knaap

et al. 2006

Quaternary Science Reviews

120

110

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In Northwestern and Central Europe the Holocene expansion of Corylus occurred before or at the same time as that of other thermophilous trees (e.g. Quercus). This sequence of expansion has been explained by migrational lag, competition, climatic changes, human assistance, or disturbance by fire. In the southern Alps, however, hazel expanded around 10,500 cal yr BP, more than two millennia after oak had become important. This delayed expansion is in contrast with the rapid expansion often assumed for hazel in central Northern Europe.We use two well-dated pollen and charcoal records from the southern forelands of the Alps: Lago Piccolo di Avigliana and Lago di Origlio. We conclude that distance of refugia, speed of seed dispersal, and competition cannot sufficiently explain the absence of the hazel expansion prior to the establishment of mixed oak forests in the southern Alps. Instead our records indicate that higher moisture availability and low temperatures inhibited hazel and favoured the establishment of pine and mixed oak forests during the Allerød. The expansion of hazel $11,000-10,500 cal yr BP was favoured by a combination of high seasonality, summer drought and frequent fires, which helped hazel to out-compete oak in the south as well as north of the Alps. r

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Section: The Possible Role Of Climatesupporting

confidence: 50%

The expansion of hazel (Corylus avellana L.) in the southern Alps: a key for understanding its early Holocene history in Europe?

Finsinger

Tinner

Knaap

et al. 2006

Quaternary Science Reviews

120

110

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, these models are either confined to a few species (Collingham et al, 1996;Jesse, 1999) or to relatively small regions (Chave, 1999;Easterling et al, 2001) or their description of the dispersal is rather rule-based than mechanistic (He et al, 1999). The presented local study shows the potential of patch models such as FORCLIM or its much faster distribution-based version DISC-FORM (Lischke et al, 1998b) for more realistic migration studies, given reliable independent climate input data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untangling a Holocene pollen record with forest model simulations and independent climate data

Lischke¹,

Lotter

Fischlin³

2002

Ecological Modelling

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Adaptation potential of forests to rapid climatic changes can be assessed from vegetation dynamics during past climatic changes as preserved in fossil pollen data. However, pollen data reflect the integrated effects of climate and biotic processes, such as establishment, survival, competition, and migration. To disentangle these processes, we compared an annually laminated late Wü rm and Holocene pollen record from the Central Swiss Plateau with simulations of a dynamic forest patch model. All input data used in the simulations were largely independent from pollen data; i.e. the presented analysis is non-circular. Temperature and precipitation scenarios were based on reconstructions from pollen-independent sources. The earliest arrival times of the species at the study site after the last glacial were inferred from pollen maps. We ran a series of simulations under different combinations of climate and immigration scenarios. In addition, the sensitivity of the simulated presence/absence of four major species to changes in the climate scenario was examined. The pattern of the pollen record could partly be explained by the used climate scenario, mostly by temperature. However, some features, in particular the absence of most species during the late Wü rm could only be simulated if the winter temperature anomalies of the used scenario were decreased considerably. Consequently, we had to assume in the simulations, that most species immigrated during or after the Younger Dryas (12 000 years BP), Abies and Fagus even later. Given the timing of tree species immigration, the vegetation was in equilibrium with climate during long periods, but responded with lags at the time-scale of centuries to millennia caused by a secondary succession after rapid climatic changes such as at the end of Younger Dryas, or immigration of dominant taxa. Climate influenced the tree taxa both directly and indirectly by changing inter-specific competition. We concluded, that also during the present fast climatic change, species migration might be an important process, particularly if geographic barriers, such as the Alps are in the migrational path.

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“…Individual based, stochastic models have the potential to realistically describe population dynamics. However, they are not mathematically transparent [32] . This event can leave scientists insecure over the results and accuracy of the model.…”

Section: A Swot Analysis For Discrete Individual-based Models Versus mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Space is a critical feature of this competition, as long as trees cast shadows over neighbouring trees. This competition is phenomenologically described using the philosophy of "zone of influence models" [32,43] . According to this approach, each tree has a circular, size-dependent zone around its stem position where the tree influences its neighbours and is influenced by them.…”

Section: Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, for instance, SORTIE is a well-known published IBM to deal with forests in the north-east of United States and was introduced by Pacala et al [26] and Pacala & Deutschman [27] , and some tasks were performed in the visualization of the simulation results achieved with this complex model [28] . The papers written by Pacala & Tilman [29] , Pacala et al [30] , Bolker & Pacala [31] , Lischke et al [32] , and Moravie & Robert [33] describe IBMs along the same lines as those used in this study. In recent years, other IBMs have been presented by diverse authors on account of a significant increase in the use of this methodology [34][35][36] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A connection between discrete individual-based and continuous population-based models: A forest modelling case study

Gómez-Mourelo

Gisbert

2013

AIR

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Modelling is perceived as a way of dealing with real life activities. The aim of this work is to compare two approaches to study forest dynamics, namely discrete individual-based and continuous population-based models, in order to contribute to an improvement in their use among researchers. An analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the two different approaches, jointly with a mention of the state-of-the-art, allows us to illustrate this discussion. We will also provide a bridge or connection between these two modelling methodologies. This link will be developed in detail in a particular study case. Firstly, an individual-tree based model to deal with dynamics of forests is presented. Secondly, this model is scaled up to a system of partial differential equations, which represents the limiting behaviour of the individualbased model.

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Aggregation of Individual Trees and Patches in Forest Succession Models: Capturing Variability with Height Structured, Random, Spatial Distributions

Cited by 59 publications

References 54 publications

The expansion of hazel (Corylus avellana L.) in the southern Alps: a key for understanding its early Holocene history in Europe?

The expansion of hazel (Corylus avellana L.) in the southern Alps: a key for understanding its early Holocene history in Europe?

Untangling a Holocene pollen record with forest model simulations and independent climate data

A connection between discrete individual-based and continuous population-based models: A forest modelling case study

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