AgI–KI aerosol catalysts with excellent combustion and nucleation performance for weather modification

Abstract

The glaze icing of overhead transmission lines seriously influences the security operation of the power grid, resulting in huge economic loss. Here, by employing AgI-KI aerosol catalysts with good combustion...

Evaluating Practical Performance of Weather Modification Aerosol Catalysts via 12000 m3 Artificial Climate Chamber

“…The nucleation rate of the as-prepared aerosols was measured via a 1 m 3 CAMS (Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences) isothermal cloud room, using the well-developed formula. ,, N = prefix∑ n × V 1 V 2 × S 1 S 2 × 1 m where N is the nucleation rate of aerosol, ∑ n is the sum of ice crystals, m is the mass of aerosol, V 1 and V 2 refer to volumes of the combustion chamber and the selected aerosol, and S 1 and S 2 are areas of the cloud chamber and the optical microscope window, respectively. The aerosol catalyst used in this work shows an ice nucleation rate of ∼3.6 × 10…”

“…The nucleation rate of the as-prepared aerosols was measured via a 1 m 3 CAMS (Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences) isothermal cloud room, using the well-developed formula. 15,17,18…”

“…Catalyst. The weather modification aerosol catalyst was fabricated according to our previous reported method, 17 and all raw materials were provided by the Liming Research Institute of Chemical Technology. In brief, ammonium perchlorate (AP)/hydroxylterminated polybutadiene (HTPB) was adopted as an aerosol generation agent, 23 dioctyl sebacate (DOS) as a plasticizer, toluene diisocyanate (TDI) as a curing agent to cure the composite matrix, and nitrogen pyridine compounds (MAPO) as coupling agents.…”

“…Other characterization tools including an isothermal cloud chamber have also been developed to obtain the aerosol nucleation rate. 17,18,21 However, it is far from satisfactory to evaluate these aerosols' practical performance by comparing their nucleation rate only, not to mention the small volume (∼1 m 3 ) of the chamber.…”

Probing Surface Information of Alloy by Time of Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer

“…Moreover, in the battery research, investigating the surface components of cathodes or electrodes could provide kinetic information about the charging/discharging process [10,11], which may help with improving the cell efficiency and developing new materials for batteries. Surface analysis has also been applied into other fields including bioelectronics [12], polymers [13], catalysts [14][15][16], etc.…”