Aging Parents’ Daily Support Exchanges With Adult Children Suffering Problems

Huo, Meng; Graham, Jamie L.; Kim, Kyungmin; Birditt, Kira S.; Fingerman, Karen L.

doi:10.1093/geronb/gbx079

Cited by 32 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Future research may reveal greater complexities by using techniques that track behaviors throughout the day. Only a few studies have examined ties between adults and parents in daily surveys, and these surveys have focused on feelings and support (Fingerman, Kim, Birditt, & Zarit, 2016; Fingerman, Kim, Tennant, Birditt, & Zarit, 2015; Huo et al, 2019). Perhaps fathers are involved in mundane ways that researchers have not tapped.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Midlife daughters were raised during a time when gender socialization placed greater emphasis on women retaining ties to their families of origin and particularly providing care and support (Chodorow, 1978; Gilligan, 1982). As such, many studies find that midlife daughters are more involved in caregiving (Pillemer & Suitor, 2014; Solomon, Hanson, Bagg, & Lyons, 2015) and in supporting aging parents prior to caregiving than midlife sons (Huo, Graham, Kim, Birditt, & Fingerman, 2019; Huo, Graham, Kim, Zarit, & Fingerman, 2018). Nevertheless, a meta-analysis of caregiving data revealed only small or nonexistent differences between sons and daughters (Pinquart & Sӧrensen, 2006).…”

Section: Distinct Gender Differences In Midlife Adults’ Involvement Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mothers, Fathers, Daughters, and Sons: Gender Differences in Adults’ Intergenerational Ties

Fingerman

Huo

Birditt

2020

Journal of Family Issues

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Women are more involved in family ties than men, but these differences may vary across generations as gender roles have shifted. We know little about gender patterns across generations in the same family, however. To address this gap, midlife men and women aged 40–60 ( n = 633) from the Family Exchanges Study reported on relationships with each aging parent and each grown child. Mothers were more involved (e.g., more frequent contact, greater positive and negative relationship qualities, and more frequent support exchanges) than fathers in both generations, with parental gender differences stronger in the older generation. Offspring gender differences were generally consistent across generations, with daughters more involved by phone in emotional forms of support, and in negative relationship quality; these gender differences were stronger in the younger generation than the older ones. We discuss pervasive gender differences that favor mothers, as well as shifts in gender differences across generations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distinct Gender Differences In Midlife Adults’ Involvement Wmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mothers, Fathers, Daughters, and Sons: Gender Differences in Adults’ Intergenerational Ties

Fingerman

Huo

Birditt

2020

Journal of Family Issues

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“…These changing patterns have rendered ties between young adults and their parents distinct from relationship dynamics observed later in adulthood and old age (Fingerman, Huo, Kim, & Birditt, ; Furstenberg, Hartnett, Kohli, & Zissimopoulos, ). Furthermore, midlife adults often support both young adults and aging parents, and aging parents are often involved in supporting their midlife offspring and grandchildren (Fingerman et al, ; Huo, Graham, Kim, Birditt, & Fingerman, ; Huo, Kim, Zarit, & Fingerman, 2018). We consider parent–offspring ties prior to the onset of intensive caregiving, noting that caregiving is addressed in a distinct literature (for reviews of the caregiving literature, see Carr & Utz, ; Zarit & Zarit, ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Decade of Research on Intergenerational Ties: Technological, Economic, Political, and Demographic Changes

Fingerman

Huo

Birditt

2020

J of Marriage and Family

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119

104

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Due to extended transitions to adulthood and declining marital rates, bonds between adults and parents have grown increasingly salient in individuals' lives. This review organizes research around these topics to address ties between parents and grown children in the context of broader societal changes over the past decade. Literature searches included tables of contents of premier journals (e.g., Journal of Marriage and Family), Psychological Info, and Google Scholar. The literature review revealed patterns of social and intergenerational changes. Technological advances (e.g., introduction of the smart phone) co‐occurred with more frequent contact and interdependence between generations. The Great Recession and financial strains altered the nature of many parent/child ties, including increased rates of intergenerational coresidence. Individual life problems such as divorce, addiction, and physical health problems were reflected in complex changes in positive and negative relationship qualities, ambivalence, and intergenerational support. Government policies reflect societal values and in turn, affected the distribution of parents' and grown children's resources. Political disruptions instigated migration, separating generations across large geographic regions. Political disruptions instigated migration, separating generations across large geographic regions. Demographic changes (e.g., constellation of family members, delayed marriage, same sex marriage) were also manifest in ties between adults and parents. Findings were consistent with the Intergenerational Systems in Context Model, which posits that societal transformations co‐occur with changes in intergenerational relationships via reciprocal influences.

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“…Clearly, if belonging to one generation or another did not explain something relevant to understand people's lives, scientific interest in the subject would diminish. The long tradition of research on exchanges (Huo et al 2017; Manchester and Facer 2017), support (Ogg and Renault 2013) (See ▶ "Intergenerational Exchange and Support"), solidarity (Bengtson and Oyama 2010;Tesch-Römer et al 2000) (See ▶ "Intergenerational Solidarity"), and intergenerational conflicts (Lowenstein 2007;Hillman 2014)both inside and outside the family sphereis based on the idea that generational differences are a way to approach the issue of explaining diverse, although possibly complementary, identities and behaviors. However, these intergenerational differences are not always clear, nor can their existence be taken for granted, as has too often been the case (Cádiz et al 2015;Marshall and Wells 2013;Saba 2017).…”

Section: Differences and Similaritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%