Aging studies on flame retardant treated lignocellulosic fibers

Abstract

The study deals with chemical and flame retardant (FR) treatment of flax fabric. Sheets of flax fabric were subjected to chemical treatments using NaOH and silane coupling agents. A phosphate‐based flame retardant (DAP) was also applied to improve the flammability of the fabric. The effects of the chemical treatments and FR treatments on flax fabric were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and vertical flame resistance test. Aging studies were carried out by exposing the samples in an environmental chamber at specified conditions for two weeks. The mechanical properties of the fabric, before and after environmental aging, were investigated. Flammability of flax fabric was improved after FR treatment. Thermal studies revealed a shift of decomposition temperature to lower temperatures and an increase in char residue after FR treatment. Despite treatment of the fabric with NaOH and silane, the tensile strength of FR‐treated flax fabric declined by more than 90% after aging for two weeks at 90 °C and 50% RH. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44175.

A Review on Natural Fiber Bio-Composites, Surface Modifications and Applications

“…Increased focus is being placed on the need to reduce global warming, environmental damage, and pollution. The scientific community has been paying significant attention to developing environmentally friendly and bio-degradable materials that can replace the non-renewable materials that pose a threat to the environment [ 1 , 2 ]. Bio-composite materials have become the center of attention due to their environmentally friendly and biodegradable nature [ 3 , 4 ].…”

“…These materials are used in cars to reduce the overall weight and to enhance fuel efficiency. Bio-composites are utilized to manufacture door panels, armrests, seatbacks, and trays [ 2 ]. They are also used externally for trim parts and brake shoes.…”

A facile one‐step synthesis of flame‐retardant coatings on cotton fabric via ultrasound irradiation

“…It can be seen that the uncoated cotton fabric and cotton‐5 min were completely consumed by vertical flame, while the after flame of cotton‐5 min was slightly longer than that of uncoated cotton fabric. This phenomena may due to the bonding of the polysiloxane with cotton hydroxyl groups, which retards the burning process slightly, but does not prevent burning . In contrast, the after flame of the coated fabrics decreased to 3.2, 2.1, and 1.3 s for the cotton‐10 min, cotton‐15 min, and cotton‐20 min, respectively.…”

“…This phenomena may due to the bonding of the polysiloxane with cotton hydroxyl groups, which retards the burning process slightly, but does not prevent burning. 19,20 In contrast, the after flame of the coated fabrics decreased to 3.2, 2.1, and 1.3 s for the cotton-10 min, cotton-15 min, and cotton-20 min, respectively. This result indicated that the flame-retardant property was enhanced with the coating content.…”

Effects of Fiber Surface Grafting with Nano-Clay on the Hydrothermal Ageing Behaviors of Flax Fiber/Epoxy Composite Plates

“…For the same reason, the nanoclay grafted FFRP has also been treated with silane coupling agent, so the short-term degradation of tensile properties shows the same regularity as the silane treated FFRP. However, many papers show that the tensile strength of NFRP modified by the silane coupling agent is less than that of the unmodified ones after prolonged soaking time in a hygrothermal environment [22,39,40]. It can be predicted that the tensile properties of the nano-claymodified flax fibers are less degraded under the long-term action of water molecules.…”