Agricultural Productivity Current Scenario, Constraints and Future Prospects in Pakistan

Aslam, Muhammad

doi:10.17582/journal.sja/2016.32.4.289.303

Cited by 84 publications

(61 citation statements)

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“…This high N fertilizer use and low P and K use is confirmed by previous work (Solaiman and Ahmed, 2006). Similarly, our results support the idea that low P and K availability are contributing to the almost 50% yield gap identified for major crops in Pakistan (Prikhodko and Zrilyi, 2013;Aslam, 2016) as we find that wheat, cotton, and rice together account for over 50% of crop nutrient needs and consequently not all their needs are met under 2010 fertilization practices (SI Table 3). Nutrient related yield gaps could continue in Pakistan even with increased recycling; we found that in 2010, total potential nutrient availability exceeded N and K crop needs but there was a 26% deficiency for P even when synthetic fertilizer and all bio-supply resources were considered.…”

Section: Discussion Yield Gapssupporting

confidence: 88%

Closing Pakistan's Yield Gaps Through Nutrient Recycling

Akram

Metson

Quttineh

et al. 2018

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Achieving food security will require closing yield gaps in many regions, including Pakistan. Although fertilizer subsidies have facilitated increased nitrogen (N) application rates, many staple crop yields have yet to reach their maximum potential. Considering that current animal manure and human excreta (bio-supply) recycling rates are low, there is substantial potential to increase the reuse of nutrients in bio-supply. We quantified 2010 crop N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) needs along with bio-supply nutrient availability for Pakistani districts, and compared these values to synthetic fertilizer use and costs. We found that synthetic fertilizer use combined with low bio-supply recycling resulted in a substantial gap between nutrient supply and P and K crop needs, which would cost 3 billion USD to fill with synthetic fertilizers. If all bio-supply was recycled, it could eliminate K synthetic fertilizer needs and decrease N synthetic fertilizer needs to 43% of what was purchased in 2010. Under a full recycling scenario, farmers would still require an additional 0.28 million tons of synthetic P fertilizers, costing 2.77 billion USD. However, it may not be prohibitively expensive to correct P deficiencies. Pakistan already spends this amount of money on fertilizers. If funds used for synthetic N were reallocated to synthetic P purchases in a full bio-supply recycling scenario, crop needs could be met. Most recycling could happen within districts, with only 6% of bio-supply requiring between-district transport when optimized to meet national N crop needs. Increased recycling in Pakistan could be a viable way to decrease yield gaps.

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Section: Discussion Yield Gapssupporting

confidence: 88%

Closing Pakistan's Yield Gaps Through Nutrient Recycling

Akram

Metson

Quttineh

et al. 2018

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Currently, the agriculture sector of Pakistan is facing many challenges such as unpredicted changes in climatic factors, continuous increase in temperature, changing patterns of rainfall, emission of CO 2 , water shortage, lack of improved seed and advanced technologies, and shortage of finance to secure the basic inputs for agriculture production [5]. Pakistan has a strategic location in the South Asia region and attracted many developed countries to invest in different sectors of the economy, but unfortunately, despite much importance of the agriculture sector, it was always neglected in terms of foreign direct investment [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Chinese FDI, Climate Change, and CO2 Emissions Stimulate Agricultural Productivity? An Empirical Evidence from Pakistan

et al. 2020

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Pakistan’s agricultural sector growth is dwindling from the last several years due to insufficient foreign direct investment (FDI) and a drastic climate change-induced raise in temperature, which are severely affecting agricultural production. The FDI has paramount importance for the economy of developing countries as well as the improvement of agricultural production. Based on the time series data from 1984 to 2017, this paper aims to highlight the present situation of the agriculture sector of Pakistan and empirically analyze the short-run and long-run impact of Chinese foreign direct investment (CFDI), climate change, and CO2 emissions on agricultural productivity and causality among the variables. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) model and Granger Causality test were employed to find out the long-run, short-run, and causal relationships among the variables of interest. Furthermore, we have employed the Error Correction Model (ECM) to know the convergence of the equilibrium path. The bound test results verified the existence of a long-run association, and the empirical findings confirmed that Chinese FDI has a significant and positive impact, while climate change and CO2 emissions has negative impact on the agricultural growth of Pakistan both in the short-run and long-run. Granger Causality test results revealed that variables of interest exhibit bi-directional and uni-directional causality. The sector-wise flow of FDI reveals that the agriculture sector of Pakistan has comparatively received a less amount of FDI than other sectors of the economy. Based on the findings, it was suggested to the Government of Pakistan and policymakers to induce more FDI in the agriculture sector. Such policies would be helpful for the progress of the agriculture sector as well as for the economic growth of Pakistan.

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“…Inefficient utilization of limited resources is one of the major constraints in crop productivity under semi-arid subtropical climates [1]. On the other hand, land area devoted to crop production has decreased due to continuous reduction in arable land in many geographic regions of the world [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing planting geometry for barley-Egyptian clover intercropping system in semi-arid sub-tropical climate

et al. 2020

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Intercropping legumes with cereals has been a common cropping system in short-season rainfed environments due to its increased productivity and sustainability. Intercropping barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) with Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) could increase the grain yield of barley and improve resource use efficiency of the intercropping system. However, non-optimum planting geometry has been a hurdle in the adaptation of barleybased cropping systems. This study was aimed at optimizing the planting geometry, and assess the productivity and profitability of barley-Egyptian clover intercropping system. Ten different planting geometries, differing in number of rows of barley, width and number of irrigation furrows and planting method were tested. Intercropping barley with Egyptian clover improved 56-68% grain yield of barley compared with mono-cropped barley. Barley remained dominant crop in terms of aggressiveness, relative crowding coefficient and competitive ratio. The amount of water used was linearly increased with increasing size of barley strip from 3 to 8 rows. The highest water use efficiency (4.83 kg/cf 3) was recorded for 8-row barley strip system with 120 cm irrigation furrows compared to rest of the planting geometries. In conclusion, 8-rows of barley planted on beds with Egyptian clover in 120 cm irrigation furrows had the highest net income and cost benefit ratio. Therefore, it is recommended that this planting geometry can be used for better economic returns of barley-Egyptian clover intercropping system. However, barley strips with >8 rows were not included in this study, which is limitation of the current study. Therefore, future studies with >8 barley rows in strip should be conducted to infer the economic feasibility and profitability of wider barley strips.

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Agricultural Productivity Current Scenario, Constraints and Future Prospects in Pakistan

Cited by 84 publications

References 0 publications

Closing Pakistan's Yield Gaps Through Nutrient Recycling

Closing Pakistan's Yield Gaps Through Nutrient Recycling

Does Chinese FDI, Climate Change, and CO2 Emissions Stimulate Agricultural Productivity? An Empirical Evidence from Pakistan

Optimizing planting geometry for barley-Egyptian clover intercropping system in semi-arid sub-tropical climate

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