Agro-management Practices for Sustainable Coconut Production

Thomas, George V.; Krishnakumar, V.; Dhanapal, R.; Reddy, D. V.

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-2754-4_7

Cited by 10 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Although differences in coconut germination patterns are well known, the factors that influences the germination process are still poorly understood [ 17 ]. The ideal temperature for growth and fruit yield of coconut palms is between 27 to 32 °C with a diurnal variation equal to or less than 7 °C in humid environments [ 2 , 67 ]. Coconut fruits can germinate even when positioned in any orientation.…”

Section: Seed Germination and Dormancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After falling from the palm to the ground naturally, fruit settle with one of their broader surfaces touching the ground [ 1 ], a position from which they naturally germinate. Similarly, horizontally sown fruit in nurseries have also been shown to give higher germination rates in comparison to vertical sowing [ 2 ]. The first cue to trigger germination is the uptake of fresh water into the germ pore.…”

Section: Seed Germination and Dormancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some pre-treatments have been used to hasten and improve the final germination percentage of coconut fruit, including de-husking, then soaking in water or in nutrient solutions ( Table 1 ). Also, chopping the husk from both sides [ 60 ], slicing a portion of the husk away [ 2 , 65 ] or completely de-husking the fruit [ 27 ] have been proposed. Trimming at least some proportion of the husk above the germ pore has been suggested to stimulate germination by improving moisture penetration through the germ pore [ 2 ].…”

Section: Seed Germination and Dormancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, chopping the husk from both sides [ 60 ], slicing a portion of the husk away [ 2 , 65 ] or completely de-husking the fruit [ 27 ] have been proposed. Trimming at least some proportion of the husk above the germ pore has been suggested to stimulate germination by improving moisture penetration through the germ pore [ 2 ]. Foale [ 22 ] exposed de-husked fruit to 0, 14 and 28 days in an unsaturated atmosphere or low relative humidity, then transferred them to a saturated atmosphere in sacks for germination.…”

Section: Seed Germination and Dormancymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coconut ( Cocos nucifera L.) is a monoecious perennial palm from the Arecaceae [ 1 ]. It is native to the present-day humid tropics (between latitudes 26° N and 26° S of the equator [ 2 ]) and adapted to a wide range of habitats, from shorelines to the foothills of mountain ranges in more than 200 countries [ 3 ] and it is grown as a crop in a total of ca. 12 million ha of cultivated land around the world in over 90 countries [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Fruit Biology of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)

Beveridge

Kalaipandian

Yang

et al. 2022

Plants

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Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is an important perennial crop adapted to a wide range of habitats. Although global coconut demand has increased sharply over the past few years, its production has been decreasing due to palm senility, as well as abiotic and biotic stresses. In fact, replanting efforts are impeded due to the lack of good quality seedlings. In vitro technologies have a great potential; however, their applications may take time to reach a commercial level. Therefore, traditional seed propagation is still critical to help meet the rising demand and its practice needs to be improved. To achieve an improved propagation via seeds, it is important to understand coconut fruit biology and its related issues. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the existing knowledge on coconut fruit morpho-anatomy, germination biology, seed dispersal, distribution, fruit longevity and storage. This will help to identify gaps where future research efforts should be directed to improve traditional seed propagation.

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Section: Seed Germination and Dormancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seed Germination and Dormancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seed Germination and Dormancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seed Germination and Dormancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Fruit Biology of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)

Beveridge

Kalaipandian

Yang

et al. 2022

Plants

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Leveraging Agroforestry Principles for Nature-Based Climate-Smart Solutions for Coconut Cultivation

Atapattu,

Udumann

2024

Handbook of Nature-Based Solutions to Mitigation and Adaptation to Climate Change

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Climate change impacts on tree crop suitability in Southeast Asia

Appelt,

Saphangthong,

Malek

et al. 2023

Reg Environ Change

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Cultivation of tree crops such as coconut, oil palm and rubber are an important source of income in Southeast Asia, both for the national economies and for the local population. Climate change has the potential to drastically affect the suitability for growing these crops, but until now the impacts thereof on existing production areas have not been considered. This study combines climate change projections with data on crop cultivation to analyze how suitability for coconut, oil palm and rubber will change under different scenarios in Southeast Asia. We find that projected increases in total precipitation and longer dry periods in the insular part of Southeast Asia will result in 127,000 ha of current coconut and 1.17 Mha of current oil palm area will no longer be highly suitable under the most severe climate scenario. Conversely, increasing temperature in the mainland part of the region will cause 97,000 ha of current rubber cultivation area to become highly suitable. Increasing temperatures will also allow for potential expansion of rubber and coconut cultivation in the northern mainland part of the region, while the potential highly suitable area for oil palm cultivation will decrease. These changes in crop suitability may result in impacts on local farmers, including fall in yields and displacement of cultivation areas. This, in turn, may add pressure to biodiversity conservation in the region since areas that become highly suitable are disproportionally located within Key Biodiversity Areas.

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Agro-management Practices for Sustainable Coconut Production

Cited by 10 publications

References 87 publications

Fruit Biology of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)

Fruit Biology of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.)

Leveraging Agroforestry Principles for Nature-Based Climate-Smart Solutions for Coconut Cultivation

Climate change impacts on tree crop suitability in Southeast Asia

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