Agronomic and environmental aspects of diazotrophic bacteria in rice fields

Pittol, Michele; Durso, Lisa M.; Valiati, Victor Hugo; Fiúza, Lidia Mariana

doi:10.1007/s13213-015-1154-6

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…Therefore, straw returning may mainly affect heterotrophic nitrogen xing bacteria rather than phototrophic nitrogen xing bacteria such as cyanobacteria. It is generally believed that bacteria colonizing rice root (endophytes) can have higher e cacy to do N 2 xation and higher commercial values than free-living bacteria (Pittol et al, 2016;Banik et al, 2019). Rice endophytic nitrogen xing bacteria and rhizosphere nitrogen xing bacteria are mainly heterotrophic nitrogen xing bacteria, which rely heavily on rice for their carbon source (Rosenblueth et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen content and C/N ratio in straw are the key to affect biological nitrogen fixation in a paddy field

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Plant Soil

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Background and aimsStraw amendment can increase nitrogen xation in paddy eld, however, the e ciency of carbon sources with different biochemical properties to enhance N 2 xation and nitrogen xation activity is still unclear. MethodsA 15 N 2 -labelling system was used in the eld environment to determine biological nitrogen xation (BNF) under the addition of three different carbon substrates. The nifH gene (DNA) and nifH RNA gene (cDNA) of soil were ampli ed by real-time uorescent quantitative PCR to study the number of nitrogen xing microorganisms and nifH gene expression. The diversity and community composition of nitrogen xing microorganisms were studied by high-throughput sequencing of nifH DNA gene. The study is expected to reveal how different carbon sources impact biological nitrogen xation and its mechanism in the paddy eld system. ResultsResults showed that the absolute abundance (nifH DNA gene copy numbers) of heterotrophic diazotrophs in the treatment of mature stage wheat straw (MWS) was 4.88 times as high as that in the CK treatment, but jointing stage wheat straw (JWS) and poplar branch (PB) did not induce any signi cant changes. Straw amendment had no impact on cyanobacteria abundance. The proportion of N 2 xation increased by MWS was 2.07 times, but diazotrophic nitrogen xation activity decreased. The enhanced N 2 xation by MWS compared with JWS and PB was due to its higher C/N ratio. ConclusionsLow nitrogen content and high C/N ratio are vital to increase N 2 xation, but the e ciency of straw amendment on N 2 xation might not be as high as expected.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen content and C/N ratio in straw are the key to affect biological nitrogen fixation in a paddy field

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Plant Soil

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“…However, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers has posed serious threat to soil and human health. Hence, there is an urgent need for alternative strategies in order to enhance crop production while minimizing any subsequent environmental damage (Pittol et al 2016). Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), carried out by prokaryotes, so-called diazotrophs could be a promising alternative to enhance yield of crops and performance (Romany a and Casals 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and abundance of culturable nitrogen‐fixing bacteria in the phyllosphere of maize

Abadi

Sepehri

Rahmani³

et al. 2021

J Appl Microbiol

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Aims: The present study aimed at gaining an insight into the abundance and genetic diversity of culturable N-fixing epiphyte bacteria on the phyllosphere of maize in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran. Methods and Results: Leaf samples of the maize variety, 'single cross 704' (Zea mays L.) were collected from different locations in Iran. The community of culturable N-fixing epiphyte bacteria present was examined by 16S rRNA sequencing, BOXAIR-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restricted fragment length polymorphisms analysis of 16S rRNA gene (16S-RFLP). Approximately, 31Á82% of the 242 isolates were identified as N-fixers by cultivation of bacteria in Rennie medium and detection of their nifH gene. The N-fixers were affiliated with four bacterial phyla: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. 16S rRNA sequencing detected 16 genera and 24 different species in the identified phyla. The most dominant genus was Bacillus and the species identified were B. pumilus, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. subtilis, B. paralicheniformis, B. licheniformis, B. niabensis and B. megaterium. In total, 22 RFLP groups were present among the isolates originally identified as N-fixing bacteria. BOXAIR-PCR showed that there was a low similarity level among the N-fixing bacteria isolates, and genetic differentiation of individual strains was relatively great. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that nitrogen-fixing epiphyte bacteria on the phyllosphere of maize may provide significant nitrogen input into arid and semi-arid ecosystem. Significance and Impact of the Study: This research implies that phyllosphere epiphyte diazotrophs have much to offer in sustainable agriculture and can be an alternative to chemical N-fertilizers for providing nitrogen to crops arid and semi-arid regions.

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“…In this alternative process catalyzed by the nitrogenase enzyme in bacteria and archaea, atmospheric N 2 is reduced to ammonia (Dixon and Kahn, 2004 ). Rice paddy systems have a high N-fixing ability and can maintain N fertility due to various forms of BNF, including the ones free living in the soil, associative in the rhizosphere, or endophytic in plants (Yoshida and Ancajas, 1973 ; Pittol et al, 2016 ). Therefore, the enhancement of these BNF capabilities during rice production would solve the problems of the over- and under-use of N fertilizers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic Variation of Endophytic Nitrogen-Fixing Activity and Bacterial Flora in Rice Stem Based on Sugar Content

et al. 2021

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Enhancement of the nitrogen-fixing ability of endophytic bacteria in rice is expected to result in improved nitrogen use under low-nitrogen conditions. Endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria require a large amount of energy to fix atmospheric nitrogen. However, it is unknown which carbon source and bacteria would affect nitrogen-fixing activity in rice. Therefore, this study examined genotypic variations in the nitrogen-fixing ability of rice plant stem as affected by non-structural carbohydrates and endophytic bacterial flora in field-grown rice. In the field experiments, six varieties and 10 genotypes of rice were grown in 2017 and 2018 to compare the acetylene reduction activity (nitrogen-fixing activity) and non-structural carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose, and starch) concentration in their stems at the heading stage. For the bacterial flora analysis, two genes were amplified using a primer set of 16S rRNA and nitrogenase (NifH) gene-specific primers. Next, acetylene reduction activity was correlated with sugar concentration among genotypes in both years, suggesting that the levels of soluble sugars influenced stem nitrogen-fixing activity. Bacterial flora analysis also suggested the presence of common and genotype-specific bacterial flora in both 16S rRNA and nifH genes. Similarly, bacteria classified as rhizobia, such as Bradyrhizobium sp. (Alphaproteobacteria) and Paraburkholderia sp. (Betaproteobacteria), were highly abundant in all rice genotypes, suggesting that these bacteria make major contributions to the nitrogen fixation process in rice stems. Gammaproteobacteria were more abundant in CG14 as well, which showed the highest acetylene reduction activity and sugar concentration among genotypes and is also proposed to contribute to the higher amount of nitrogen-fixing activity.

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Agronomic and environmental aspects of diazotrophic bacteria in rice fields

Cited by 23 publications

References 132 publications

Nitrogen content and C/N ratio in straw are the key to affect biological nitrogen fixation in a paddy field

Nitrogen content and C/N ratio in straw are the key to affect biological nitrogen fixation in a paddy field

Diversity and abundance of culturable nitrogen‐fixing bacteria in the phyllosphere of maize

Genotypic Variation of Endophytic Nitrogen-Fixing Activity and Bacterial Flora in Rice Stem Based on Sugar Content

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