Agronomic and Quality Characteristics of Native North American Hops

Haunold, Alfred; Nickerson, Gail B.; Gampert, U.; Whitney, P. A.; Hampton, R. O.

doi:10.1094/asbcj-51-0133

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The negative correlation between cohumulone and the number of shoots produced per plant may indicate a general susceptibility of North American germplasm to downy mildew. Cohumulone is a component of the α-acids and can impart an undesirable harshness to beer, and high levels of cohumuluone often are selected against in breeding programs (Neve 1991;Haunold et al 1993). Cohumulone levels tend to be greatest in germplasm derived from North America (Haunold et al 1993;Henning 2004a).…”

Section: Discussion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cohumulone is a component of the α-acids and can impart an undesirable harshness to beer, and high levels of cohumuluone often are selected against in breeding programs (Neve 1991;Haunold et al 1993). Cohumulone levels tend to be greatest in germplasm derived from North America (Haunold et al 1993;Henning 2004a). Thus, the negative correlation between the number of shoots produced per plant and level of cohumulone might further indicate a general lack of tolerance to downy mildew in cultivars with wild North American ancestry and/or linkage between these traits.…”

Section: Discussion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Susceptibility of Hop Cultivars to Downy Mildew: Associations with Chemical Characteristics and Region of Origin

Woods

Gent

2016

Plant Health Progress

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Hop downy mildew (caused by Pseudoperonospora humuli) is a yield-limiting disease in many hop-production regions of the world. In this research, 110 cultivars that are or were widely grown in the United States, Europe, or Australasia were evaluated in western Oregon over three years for their reaction to the shoot infection phase of downy mildew and vigor. There was a large range of downy mildew susceptibility and vigor amongst commercial cultivars, with some cultivars possessing a very high level of resistance. Overall, however, disease resistance and vigor were significantly greater in cultivars originating from Europe than those originating from the United States, Japan, and Australia/New Zealand. Amongst a subset of 79 cultivars, vigor was negatively correlated with levels, in cones, of cohumulone, a chemical constitute of bittering acids typically found in germplasm derived from North America. The generally poor vigor observed in cultivars derived outside of Europe likely is indicative of a lack of tolerance to the crown infection phase of the disease. Thus, the best sources of downy mildew resistance seems to be found in cultivars from the United Kingdom and continental Europe, and such cultivars are typically lower yielding and lack distinctive aroma and flavor characteristics presently desired by craft brewers. Introgression of downy mildew resistance into North American germplasm with high yield and desirable brewing characteristics is needed. Accepted for publication 3 March 2016. Published 7 March 2016.

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Section: Discussion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of Hop Cultivars to Downy Mildew: Associations with Chemical Characteristics and Region of Origin

Woods

Gent

2016

Plant Health Progress

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“…They are placed opposite one another on the stem, but sometimes the upper leaves are arranged singly on the stem. It is a dioecious plant with male and female flowers on separate plants, although individual monoecious plants are frequently found in some wild North American hop populations, instead rarely found among the European types (Haunold, 1991;Haunold et al, 1993). Male and female plants are easily distinguished for their different flowers; no other morphological differences identify the sex of the plant.…”

Section: Botanymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacognostic and pharmacological profile of Humulus lupulus L.

Zanoli

Zavatti

2008

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

445

372

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“…The introduction of native germplasm into a breeding program requires the plant breeder to guard against introducing undesirable traits by carefully screening potential germplasm sources. For example, evaluating numerous native American accessions collected from 11 U.S. states and four locations in Canada, Haunold et al (1993) observed high levels of cohumulone in most of the genotypes studied. Cohumulone may be partly responsible for an unpleasant bitterness (Rigby, 1972) and decreased foam stability in beer (Diff or et al, 1978).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pubescens has been detected in modern cultivars, which suggests this might be a source for new genes (Hampton et al, 2001; Small, 1980). Native American hop genotypes are potential gene sources for early maturity and other agronomic characteristics, disease and pest resistance, higher α‐ and β‐acid potential, and chemical compounds with potential pharmaceutical uses (Hampton et al, 2001; Haunold et al, 1993; Smith, 2005; Stevens et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

AFLP Discrimination of Native North American and Cultivated Hop

Townsend

Henning

2009

Crop Science

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Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) is cultivated for the female flowers, or “cones,” which traditionally have been used as a bittering and flavoring agent in beer. Hop breeding historically relied on relatively simple selection techniques within established breeding lines. Supplementing current breeding material with new genetic sources would enhance a hop breeder's ability to select for new traits. The objective of this research was to assess the genetic relationship of H. lupulus var. lupuloides and H. lupulus var. pubescens accessions with hop germplasm currently utilized by hop breeding programs. A total of 60 hop accessions representing both cultivated (n = 21) and native (n = 39) Humulus were evaluated using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) molecular markers. The four primer combinations used generated 296 scorable fragments of which 176 (59.5%) were polymorphic. Principal components analysis and hierarchal cluster analysis showed the native American accessions clustering separately from the cultivated germplasm. Within each of the two main groups, two smaller subgroups were evident with H. lupulus var. lupuloides and H. lupulus var. pubescens segregated into unique clusters. This research provides the first molecular genetic evidence of H. lupulus var. pubescens and H. lupulus var. lupuloides being two separate botanical varieties. Results from this research suggest incorporating the native American hop accessions studied in this experiment would enhance the genetic diversity within hop breeding programs.

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Agronomic and Quality Characteristics of Native North American Hops

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

Susceptibility of Hop Cultivars to Downy Mildew: Associations with Chemical Characteristics and Region of Origin

Susceptibility of Hop Cultivars to Downy Mildew: Associations with Chemical Characteristics and Region of Origin

Pharmacognostic and pharmacological profile of Humulus lupulus L.

AFLP Discrimination of Native North American and Cultivated Hop

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