Agronomic performance of high oleic, low linolenic soybean in Tennessee

Abstract

Soybean oil hydrogenation alters the linolenic acid molecule to prevent the oil from becoming rancid, however, health reports have indicated trans‐fat caused by hydrogenation, is not generally regarded as safe. Typical soybeans contain approximately 80 g kg−1 to 120 g kg−1 linolenic acid and 240 g kg−1 of oleic acid. In an effort to accommodate the need for high‐quality oil, the United Soybean Board introduced an industry standard for a high oleic acid greater than 750 g kg−1 and linolenic acid less than 30 g kg−1 oil. By combing mutations in the soybean plant at four loci, FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B, oleate desaturase genes and FAD3A and FAD3C, linoleate desaturase genes, and seed oil will not require hydrogenation to prevent oxidation and produce high‐quality oil. In 2017 and 2018, a study comparing four near‐isogenic lines across multiple Tennessee locations was performed to identify agronomic traits associated with mutations in FAD3A and FAD3C loci, while holding FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B constant in the mutant (high oleic) state. Soybean lines were assessed for yield and oil quality based on mutations at FAD2‐1 and FAD3 loci. Variations of wild‐type and mutant genotypes were compared at FAD3A and FAD3C loci. Analysis using a generalized linear mixed model in SAS 9.4, indicated no yield drag or other negative agronomic traits associated with the high oleic and low linolenic acid genotype. All four mutations of fad2‐1A, fad2‐1B, fad3A, and fad3C were determined as necessary to produce a soybean with the new industry standard (>750 g kg−1 oleic and <30 g kg−1 linolenic acid) in a maturity group‐IV‐Late cultivar for Tennessee growers.

Selecting recombinants to stack high protein with high oleic acid and low linoleic acid in soybean (Glycine max)

“…Mutant alleles of FAD2‐1A from 17D (Dierking & Bilyeu, 2009) and FAD2‐1B from PI 283327 (Pham et al, 2010) have been shown to have no significant effect on yield in both Midwest and Southeast environments (Bachleda et al, 2017; La et al, 2014). Recently, a report showed that mutant alleles of FAD3A and FAD3C from CX1512‐44 (Bilyeu et al, 2005) combined with mutant FAD2‐1A and FAD2‐1B alleles do not affect yield (Willette et al, 2021).…”

Novel Allele of FAD2-1A from an EMS-Induced Mutant Soybean Line (PE529) Produces Elevated Levels of Oleic Acid in Soybean Oil

“…Specifically, trans-fat harms human health, as it increases the risk for coronary heart diseases and complications arising from high cholesterol, based on previous clinical studies [5][6][7][8]. Considering this, research efforts, including those in breeding programs, have focused on decreasing the polyunsaturated fatty acid content to approximately 80% monounsaturated fatty acid (oleic acid) to address health issues while maintaining the oxidative stability in soybean oil and improving oil quality [9][10][11][12][13][14].…”