Agronomic performance of normal‐leafed and semi‐leafless pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes

Abstract

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a major pulse crop important as feed and food. Due to the symbiosis with N-fixing bacteria, it is a valuable component of low-input cropping systems. The traditional cultivation of peas was limited by their high susceptibility to lodging. This problem was reduced, though not completely solved, by a semi-leafless mutant. Almost all modern cultivars carry this mutant. It is still an open question as to whether the lack of leaflets may have impaired the productivity. In organic farming, there is still interest in normal-leafed peas as they can better compete with weeds. To compare the two leaf types, 24 normal-leafed and 30 semi-leafless genotypes were evaluated in three environments. Semi-leafless genotypes had a higher seed (51%) and straw (40%) yield, but most normal-leafed genotypes were older or less adapted than the semi-leafless ones. Some newer normal-leafed cultivars achieved the same yield level, but their cultivation is only possible in mixtures with a supporting crop. Nitrogen content in seed (10%) and in straw (30%) was lower in semi-leafless genotypes. A negative correlation of yield and N content was observed in both leaf types. However, semi-leafless peas had a higher N yield in seed and in straw. No correlation between N yield in seed and straw was found, so it is possible to combine a high seed yield with a high N yield in the straw. This is particularly important in organic production systems, where peas are also grown to provide N to the following crop.

Performance of Different Varieties of Spring Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) under Irrigated and Rainfed Environments in North China

“…Among the tested genotypes, the semi-leafless pea variety G1 was recorded the highest yield (5484 kg/ha) at E3 in 2021, and the average grain yield of 3308kg/ha showed a 44.1% yield advantage over the check genotypes G10 (2295 kg/ha). Generally, the semileafless genotypes had a higher seed yield than normal-leafed ones, as the semi-leafless trait allows for penetration of sunlight to the lower canopy and mechanical support to prevent lodging [27]. Four varieties -G2 (2866 kg/ha), G3 (2832 kg/ha), G4 (2710 kg/ha) and G5 (2723 kg/ha) -had statistically significantly higher grain yield than other genotypes and standard check variety G10, and there were no significant yield differences between them at experimental locations.…”

Genetic diversity of pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes differing in leaf type using SNP markers

“…The majority are European spring cultivars for grain usage, but some winter types, green fodder cultivars and exotic accessions from Asia and Africa are included (Table 1). Information on agronomic traits can be found in Tran et al (2022). [2] (European commission, 2017)…”

Evaluation of the Development Process of Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Winter Pea (Pisum sativum L.) in Intercropping by Yield Components

“…Most arable crops have been bred for sole cultivation, which explains that these varieties may not necessarily be suitable for intercropping [19,24,28]. Field pea is an important cool season grain legume in Europe [29][30][31] which has strong sensitivity to weather conditions [6,32,33]. The response to abiotic stresses depends to a large extent on the developmental stage of the plant [4].…”

“…Pea yield also depends on leaf morphology [40]. Today, semi-leafless varieties account for more than 80% in the European Union [29]. A modified canopy helps plants to remain upright and conserve water by minimizing evapotranspiration, thereby keeping the canopy cool and mitigating heat stress [28,41].…”